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Gout: a disease involved with complicated immunoinflammatory responses: a narrative review

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Abstract

Gout is a disease with acute and/or chronic inflammation and tissue damage induced by the precipitation of monosodium urate crystal (MSU) crystals in bone joints, kidneys, and subcutaneous sites. In recent years, with the continuous research on gout animal models and patient clinical investigations, the mechanism of inflammation activation of gout has been further discovered. Studies have shown that pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8 and IL-17, NLRP3 inflammasome, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), anti-inflammatory factors such as IL-10, IL-37 are all involved in the MSU-induced gout inflammatory process. And the immune cells in gout, including neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and lymphocytes, all play important roles in the pathogenesis of gout. In this review, we mainly emphasize the understanding of various cytokines, inflammasome, and immune cells involved in the onset of gout, in order to provide a systematic and theoretical basis for the novel exploration of inflammatory therapeutic targets for gout.

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Article 26 September 2019

Abbreviations

ASC:

apoptosis-associated speck-like protein

AGA:

acute gouty arthritis

ATP:

adenosine triphosphate;

CAM-1:

cellular adhesion molecule 1

CIA:

collagen arthritis

CLIC:

intracellular chloride channel protein

DAMP:

dangerous-associated molecular patterns

GM-CSF:

granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor

HC:

healthy control

IL:

interleukin

LRR:

leucine-rich repeat domain

LPS :

bacterial lipopolysaccharide

MAVS:

mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein

MSU:

monosodium urate monohydrate

MIP-2:

macrophage inflammatory protein 2

Mfn2:

Mitochondrial fusion protein 2

NF-κB:

activate nuclear transcription factor

NLR:

NOD-like receptors

NAGA:

non-acute gouty arthritis

PRR:

pattern recognition receptor

PAMP:

pathogen-associated molecular patterns

PYD:

pyrin domain

P2X7:

P2X purine receptor 7

RANKL :

NF-κΒ ligands

ROS:

active oxygen

SOCS3:

signal transduction inhibitor 3

TGF-β1 :

transforming growth factor-β1

TNF-α:

tumor necrosis factor alpha

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

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Funding

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81270577), the Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Shenzhen, China (No. JCYJ20160427191026117), the Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Baoan, Shenzhen, China (No. 2018JD237, No. 2016CX191), and the Construction Units of Key Specialties in Clinical Medicine, Baoan District, Shenzhen, China (No. 8, 214-2018, Health Commission of Baoan, Shenzhen City).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Southern Medical University Second Clinical College, Shenzhen, 518101, China

    Meimei Wu

  2. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Southern Medical University Affiliated Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Shenzhen, 518101, China

    Meimei Wu, Ye Tian, Qianqian Wang & Chengshan Guo

  3. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Guangdong Medical University Shenzhen Baoan Clinical College, Shenzhen, 518101, China

    Ye Tian, Qianqian Wang & Chengshan Guo

  4. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen University Second affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen, 518101, China

    Ye Tian, Qianqian Wang & Chengshan Guo

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  1. Meimei Wu
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Literature review: Meimei Wu and Chengshan Guo; Drafting of manuscript: Meimei Wu, Ye Tian, and Qianqian Wang. Revision of manuscript: Chengshan Guo and Meimei Wu. All authors have read and approved the final submitted manuscript.

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Correspondence to Chengshan Guo.

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Wu, M., Tian, Y., Wang, Q. et al. Gout: a disease involved with complicated immunoinflammatory responses: a narrative review. Clin Rheumatol 39, 2849–2859 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05090-8

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