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Physical and mechanical properties of granite after high-temperature and acidic treatment for the enhanced geothermal system

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Abstract

Acidic hydraulic fracturing fluids are used to stimulate the productivity of geothermal energy within a hot dry rock geothermal reservoir (mainly stored in granite), and a fundamental understanding of the physical and mechanical properties of the granite after acidic treatment within the high temperature of hot dry rock reservoir is of practical significance for the optimization of fracturing activities. The characteristics of peak stress, peak strain, hardness, color, resistivity, and P-wave velocity were investigated. Furthermore, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring technology was used to evaluate the damage degree after high-temperature and acidic treatment, and the dynamic damage evolution was subsequently analyzed. In addition, microstructure changes induced by mineral reaction after high-temperature and acidic stimulation were investigated. The experimental results show that high temperature can significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of the granite (e.g., P-wave velocity decreases by 78%, Leeb hardness decreases by 36%, resistivity increases by over 1400%, and peak stress decreases by 30%) due to the newly formed micro-cracks. Furthermore, the weakness of the physical and mechanical properties of the granite is degraded after acidic treatment, e.g., the Leeb hardness decreases by 1%, P-wave velocity decreases by 6%, resistivity decreases by over 60%, and peak stress decreases by over 10%. The AE signal becomes more intense as temperature increases (e.g., accumulated AE counts increase by over 140%). In contrast, the AE response behavior becomes weaker after acidic treatment due to the hydrogen ions-induced mineral dissolution and high temperature-induced replacement action between albite and K-feldspar. Moreover, the physical properties vary greatly within the temperature range of 400 °C to 800 °C. Our research results can gain insight into the thermal and acidic stimulation that affected the physical properties of the granite, thus benefiting exploitation activities of geothermal energy in a hot dry rock reservoir.

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Acknowledgements

This research is supported by the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41702326), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20221135) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2022QN1038). This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China

    Longchuan Deng

  2. State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China

    Yun Wu & Yukun Ji

  3. School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China

    Zhen Huang

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Monash, Australia

    Chunjiang Zou

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  1. Longchuan Deng
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Correspondence to Yukun Ji.

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Deng, L., Wu, Y., Ji, Y. et al. Physical and mechanical properties of granite after high-temperature and acidic treatment for the enhanced geothermal system. Bull Eng Geol Environ 81, 407 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-02928-0

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