Abstract
A quantitative analysis method for reconstructing the spatial movement of gravels in a triaxial mixed soil specimen is proposed. CT scanning and numerical modeling methods were applied to establish a true three-dimensional numerical model based on triaxial testing of mixed soil. Point set data of each gravel was generated according to surface nodes of the gravel. The point set data was used to calculate the spatial movement of the gravels, including the changes in spatial position and spatial attitude, by using the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. There were no obvious contacts between the gravels because the gravel content was low. The deformation of the surrounding soil played a controlling role in the movement of the gravel. The axial displacement of gravels was largest in the upper part of the specimen, and decreased from the top to the bottom of the specimen. Generally, the lateral displacement of gravels near the outside of the specimen was greater than that of the gravels close to the axis. Rotation of the gravels was found during the triaxial test, which indicates that changes in the spatial attitude of the gravels occurred. The movement of the gravels was consistent with the testing method, in which the load was applied on the top of the specimen, and the movement also agreed with the macro-deformation of the triaxial specimen. The above movement characteristics of gravels proved that the proposed method is valid for the quantitative description of changes in spatial position and spatial attitude.
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The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41572271, 41272315, 41772327).
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Zhang, D., Ji, T., Zheng, B. et al. Analysis method for spatial movement of gravels in mixed soil during triaxial testing. Bull Eng Geol Environ 80, 8861–8870 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-019-01573-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-019-01573-4