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Technical characterization of dialysis fluid flow and mass transfer rate in dialyzers with various filtration coefficients using dimensionless correlation equation

  • Original Article
  • Artificial Kidney / Dialysis
  • Published:
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Abstract

The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of filtration coefficient and internal filtration on dialysis fluid flow and mass transfer coefficient in dialyzers using dimensionless mass transfer correlation equations. Aqueous solution of vitamin B12 clearances were obtained for REXEED-15L as a low flux dialyzer, and APS-15EA and APS-15UA as high flux dialyzers. All the other design specifications were identical for these dialyzers except for filtration coefficient. The overall mass transfer coefficient was calculated, moreover, the exponents of Reynolds number (Re) and film mass transfer coefficient of the dialysis-side fluid (k D) for each flow rate were derived from the Wilson plot and dimensionless correlation equation. The exponents of Re were 0.4 for the low flux dialyzer whereas 0.5 for the high flux dialyzers. Dialysis fluid of the low flux dialyzer was close to laminar flow because of its low filtration coefficient. On the other hand, dialysis fluid of the high flux dialyzers was assumed to be orthogonal flow. Higher filtration coefficient was associated with higher k D influenced by mass transfer rate through diffusion and internal filtration. Higher filtration coefficient of dialyzers and internal filtration affect orthogonal flow of dialysis fluid.

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Abbreviations

A:

Membrane area (m2)

C:

Concentration (kg/m3)

\({{(\Delta C)}_{\text{av}}}\) :

Logarithmic mean concentration difference (kg/m3)

CL :

Clearance (mL/min)

D:

Diffusion coefficient (m2/s)

d:

Inner diameter of hollow fiber (m)

de :

Dialysis-side equivalent diameter (m)

dh :

Inner diameter of the jacket (m)

KL :

Overall mass transfer coefficient (m/s)

KLA:

Overall mass transfer membrane area coefficient (mL/min)

k:

Mass transfer coefficients (m/s)

L:

Effective length of the hollow fiber (m)

m:

Mass transfer rate (kg/s)

N:

Number of hollow fibers

Q:

Volumetric flow rate (m3/s) (mL/min)

QF :

Volumetric filtration rate (m3/s) (mL/min)

Re:

Reynolds number

Sc:

Schmidt number

SD :

Cross-sectional area of the dialysate flow path (m2)

Sh:

Sherwood number

u:

Flow velocity (m/s)

x:

Exponent

Δ:

Membrane thickness (m)

µ:

Viscosity (Pa s)

ρ:

density (kg/m3)

B:

Blood

BI:

Inlet at the blood side

BO:

Outlet at the blood side

D:

Dialysate

DO:

Outlet at the dialysis-side

M:

Membrane

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama, 649-6493, Japan

    Makoto Fukuda & Kengo Yoshimura

  2. Department of Medical Engineering, Junshin Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Koki Namekawa

  3. Chemical Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan

    Kiyotaka Sakai

Authors
  1. Makoto Fukuda
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  2. Kengo Yoshimura
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  3. Koki Namekawa
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  4. Kiyotaka Sakai
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Correspondence to Makoto Fukuda.

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Fukuda, M., Yoshimura, K., Namekawa, K. et al. Technical characterization of dialysis fluid flow and mass transfer rate in dialyzers with various filtration coefficients using dimensionless correlation equation. J Artif Organs 20, 145–151 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-016-0942-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10047-016-0942-5

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