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Partitioning Climatic and Biotic Effects on Interannual Variability of Ecosystem Carbon Exchange in Three Ecosystems

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Abstract

Understanding the climatic and biotic controls of interannual variability (IAV) in net ecosystem exchange (NEE) is important for projecting future uptake of CO2 in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, a statistical modeling approach was used to partition climatic and biotic effects on the IAV in NEE, gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (RE) at a subtropical evergreen plantation in China (QYZ), a deciduous forest (MOZ), and a grassland (DK1) in the USA. The climatic effects in the study are defined as the interannual anomalies in carbon (C) fluxes directly caused by climatic variations, whereas the biotic effects are those caused by the IAV in photosynthetic and respiratory traits. The results showed that the contribution of biotic effects to the IAV in NEE increased significantly as the temporal scale got longer from daily to annual scales. At the annual scale, the contribution of biotic effects to the IAV in NEE was 47, 69, and 77% at QYZ, MOZ, and DK1, respectively. However, the IAV in NEE was mainly controlled by GPP at QYZ, and by RE at DK1, whereas the contributions of GPP and RE to the IAV in NEE were similar at MOZ, indicating different mechanisms regulating the IAV in NEE among ecosystems. Interestingly, there was a strong negative correlation between the climatic and biotic effects at the annual scale from 2003 to 2009 at QYZ (r 2 = 0.80, P < 0.01), suggesting these two effects counteracted each other and resulted in a relatively stable C sink, whereas no correlations were found at the other two sites. Overall, our study revealed the relative importance of climatic and biotic effects on the IAV in NEE and contributed to our understanding of their underlying mechanisms.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions. This research was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB833504), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070407, 31370489), 2012 Shanghai Pujiang Program (12PJ1401400), “Thousand Young Talents” Program in China, and The Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Junjiong Shao, Xuhui Zhou, Yiqi Luo, Jiakuan Chen & Bo Li

  2. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China

    Junjiong Shao, Honglin He, Guirui Yu & Huimin Wang

  3. Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 73019, USA

    Yiqi Luo

  4. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA

    Lianhong Gu

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  1. Junjiong Shao
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Correspondence to Xuhui Zhou or Guirui Yu.

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JS, XZ, HH, GY, YL and BL conceived of and designed this study. JS, GY, HW, and LG performed the research. JS analyzed the data. JS and HH contributed new methods or models. JS, XZ, YL, JC, and BL wrote the paper.

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Shao, J., Zhou, X., He, H. et al. Partitioning Climatic and Biotic Effects on Interannual Variability of Ecosystem Carbon Exchange in Three Ecosystems. Ecosystems 17, 1186–1201 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-014-9786-0

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