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Correct-by-construction model-based design of reactive streaming software for multi-core embedded systems

  • FASE 2018
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A Correction to this article was published on 12 July 2019

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Abstract

We present a model-based design approach toward correct-by-construction implementations of reactive streaming software for multi-core systems. A system’s implementation is derived from a high-level process network model by applying semantics-preserving model transformations. The so-called fixed priority process networks (FPPNs) are programmed independently from the execution platform and combine streaming and reactive control behavior with task parallelism for utilizing multi-core processing. We first define the FPPN sequential execution semantics that specifies precedence constraints between job executions of different tasks. Applications are thus rendered such that for any given test stimuli, a deterministic output response is expected. Furthermore, we define the FPPN real-time semantics based on a timed-automata modeling framework. This is provably a functionally equivalent semantics specifying the real-time execution of FPPNs and enabling runtime managers for scheduling jobs on multi-cores. A model transformation framework has been developed for deriving executable implementations of FPPNs on the BIP (Behavior–Interaction–Priority) runtime environment, ported on multi-core platforms. Schedulability is established by static analysis of the FPPN, and it is guaranteed by construction. Thus, the developers do not need to program low-level real-time OS services (e.g., for task management) and applications are amenable to testing, as opposed to if their outputs would depend on timing behavior. We have successfully ported a guidance-navigation and control application of a satellite system, onto a radiation hardened multi-core platform. Various implementation scenarios for efficiently utilizing HW resources are illustrated, and the test results are discussed.

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  • 12 July 2019

    Updated Fig. 7 (<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">i</Emphasis></Subscript> is the job’s process,<Emphasis Type="Italic"> k</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">i</Emphasis></Subscript> is the job’s invocation count,<Emphasis Type="Italic"> A</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">i</Emphasis></Subscript> is the invocation time,<Emphasis Type="Italic"> D</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">i</Emphasis></Subscript> is the absolute deadline and<Emphasis Type="Italic"> C</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">i</Emphasis></Subscript> is the WCET).

Notes

  1. The framework is online at [40]

  2. To this end, TASTE supports a language called ASN.1 in which we can define the data types for all “provided”/“required” interfaces in a platform-independent manner. Moreover, an ASN.1 compiler is also provided that translates the data type specification into platform-dependent code and ensures appropriate cross-platform data conversion. In our framework, such capabilities are future work prospects, since we currently focus on a single multi-core platform and no support is provided for distributed systems with communication between different platforms.

  3. In scheduling theory this metric is similar to processor utilization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Informatics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Fotios Gioulekas & Panagiotis Katsaros

  2. Mentor®. A Siemens Business, Montbonnot, France

    Peter Poplavko

  3. VERIMAG, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Grenoble, France

    Saddek Bensalem

  4. Deimos-Space®, Madrid, Spain

    Pedro Palomo

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  1. Fotios Gioulekas
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  2. Peter Poplavko
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  3. Panagiotis Katsaros
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  4. Saddek Bensalem
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  5. Pedro Palomo
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Correspondence to Fotios Gioulekas.

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This work was partially supported by the European Space Agency project MoSaTT-CMP under Contract No. 4000111814/14/NL/MH.

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Gioulekas, F., Poplavko, P., Katsaros, P. et al. Correct-by-construction model-based design of reactive streaming software for multi-core embedded systems. Int J Softw Tools Technol Transfer 22, 3–32 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10009-019-00521-7

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