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Synthesis of quasi-spherical micro-size lithium titanium oxide by an easy sol-gel method

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Abstract

A low-cost and facile method for synthesizing micro-size lithium titanium oxide, micro-size Li4Ti5O12 (MS-LTO), has been proposed in this study. The MS-LTO with a high tap density of 1.38 g cm−3 is prepared from synthesis-grade TiOSO4 through hydrolysis followed by calcination of obtained TiO2 with LiOH · H2O. The parameters of pH, temperature, concentration, etc. are optimized for preparing the precursor H2TiO3. The morphology, size, and structure of H2TiO3, TiO2, and MS-LTO are carefully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical performances of the as-prepared MS-LTO deliver a reversible capacity of 171 mA · h g−1 at 0.1 C and show a good rate capability by maintaining 47 % of the capacity at 5 C (vs. 0.1 C), as well as remarkable cycling stability without capacity fading after 100 cycles at both 1 and 2 C. This as-prepared MS-LTO shows a potential application in lithium-ion batteries which can be utilized in the next-generation electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. Furthermore, the strategy for synthesizing MS-LTO from production-level TiOSO4 · xH2SO4 · xH2O proposed here provides a facile method for preparing lithium-ion anode materials.

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Acknowledgments

This research was partially supported financially by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of People’s Republic of China (BK2012309) and Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of People’s Republic of China (No.20120091120022).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Energy Storage Materials and Technology, College of Engineering & Applied Sciences, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaofei Liu, Shengfu Tong, Chenguang Dai, Ping He & Haoshen Zhou

Authors
  1. Xiaofei Liu
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  2. Shengfu Tong
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  3. Chenguang Dai
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  4. Ping He
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  5. Haoshen Zhou
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ping He or Haoshen Zhou.

Additional information

Xiaofei Liu and Shengfu Tong contributed equally to this work.

Electronic supplementary material

The effects of the concentrations of reactants, hydrolysis time, and with or without stirring on the morphology and size of the product are discussed, and the corresponding SEM images of the H2TiO3 are available in the Supporting Information (SI). The XRD pattern of the precursor and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis curve, and BET results of TiO2 · H2O, TiO2, and MS-LTO are also provided.

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Liu, X., Tong, S., Dai, C. et al. Synthesis of quasi-spherical micro-size lithium titanium oxide by an easy sol-gel method. J Solid State Electrochem 19, 299–305 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2577-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2577-x

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