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Influence of keratinized mucosa on peri-implant diseases: a retrospective cohort study in humans

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Abstract

Objective

The present study aimed to assess the relationship between keratinized mucosa width and peri-implant diseases, namely peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.

Materials and methods

Ninety-one dental implants in function for ≥ 6 months from 40 partially or completely edentulous non-smoker subjects (24 females and 16 males) were evaluated clinically and radiographically. The width of keratinized mucosa, probing depth, plaque index, bleeding on probing, and marginal bone levels were assessed. Keratinized mucosa width was categorized as ≥ 2 mm or < 2 mm.

Results

There was no statistically significant association between keratinized buccal mucosa width and peri-implant mucositis or peri-implantitis (p ≥ 0.37). In the regression analysis, peri-implantitis was associated with longer implant function time (RR: 2.55, 95% CI: 1.25–11.81, p = 0.02) and implants in the maxilla (RR: 3.15, 95% CI: 1.61–14.93, p = 0.003). Mucositis was not associated with any of the factors analyzed.

Conclusion

In conclusion, in the present sample, keratinized buccal mucosa width was not associated with peri-implant diseases, suggesting that a band of keratinized mucosa may not be necessary to maintain peri-implant health. Prospective studies are required to better understand its role in the maintenance of peri-implant health.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors received no financial support and declare that they have no conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dentistry and Health, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    Caroline Argolo Brito Oliveira

  2. Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil

    Caroline Argolo Brito Oliveira

  3. Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Vonei Luiz Pereira

  4. Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    Jean Nunes dos Santos

  5. Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    Nara Santos Araujo

  6. Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

    Nara Santos Araujo & Patricia Ramos Cury

Authors
  1. Caroline Argolo Brito Oliveira
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  2. Vonei Luiz Pereira
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  3. Jean Nunes dos Santos
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  4. Nara Santos Araujo
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  5. Patricia Ramos Cury
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Contributions

All authors contributed substantially to the manuscript. C.A.B. Oliveira, contributed to conception, data interpretation, drafted and critically revised the manuscript; V.L.Pereira contributed to conception, design and data acquisition; N.S Araújo contributed to conception, data interpretation, drafted and critically revised the manuscript; J.N. dos Santos, contributed to conception, design, data interpretation, drafted and critically revised the manuscript; P.R. Cury contributed to conception, design, data interpretation, performed all statistical analyses drafted and critically revised the manuscript. All authors have approved the manuscript for submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Caroline Argolo Brito Oliveira.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval

This study was performed in line with the ethical principles of human research and approved by The Institutional Ethics Committee San Leopold Mandic Dental Research Center (protocol 05/454).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Not applicable.

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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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Oliveira, C.A.B., Pereira, V.L., dos Santos, J.N. et al. Influence of keratinized mucosa on peri-implant diseases: a retrospective cohort study in humans. Oral Maxillofac Surg 28, 331–336 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-023-01144-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-023-01144-8

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