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Endometrial microRNAs and their aberrant expression patterns

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Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression. They play fundamental roles in several biological processes, including cell differentiation and proliferation, embryo development, organ development, and organ metabolism. Besides regulating the physiological processes, miRNAs regulate various pathological conditions such as tumors, metastases, metabolic diseases, and osteoporosis. Although several studies have been performed on miRNAs, only few studies have described the miRNA expression and functions in human reproductive tract tissues. During menstruation, the human endometrium undergoes extensive cyclic morphological and biochemical modifications before embryo implantation. In addition to the ovarian steroid hormones (estrogen and progesterone), endometrial autocrine or paracrine factors and embryo-derived signals play a significant role in endometrial functions. miRNAs are considered key regulators of gene expression in the human endometrium and implantation process, and their aberrant expression levels are associated with the development of various disorders, including tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the studies that show the role of miRNAs in regulating the physiological conditions of the endometrium and the implantation process and discuss the aberrant expression of miRNAs in ectopic pregnancy, endometriosis, and endometrial cancer.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19K18679(to S.T.), 17K11250 (to T.K.), 16K 202024 (to H.T.). The authors would like to thank Enago (http://www.enagojp) for the English language review.

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  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan

    Shunsuke Tamaru, Takeshi Kajihara, Yumi Mizuno, Hideno Tochigi & Osumu Ishihara

  2. Division of Analytical Science, Biomedical Research Center Hidaka Branch, Saitama Medical University, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama, Japan

    Yosuke Mizuno

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  1. Shunsuke Tamaru
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  2. Takeshi Kajihara
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Tamaru, S., Kajihara, T., Mizuno, Y. et al. Endometrial microRNAs and their aberrant expression patterns. Med Mol Morphol 53, 131–140 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00795-020-00252-8

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