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Geothermal springs in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh: potential sources of hydrolase-producing thermophilic bacilli

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Abstract

In recent years, scientists have increasingly focused on the microbial diversity of high-altitude hot springs to explore the biotechnological applications of extremophiles. In this regard, a total of 107 thermophilic bacilli were isolated from 9 high-altitude mineralized geothermal springs (of temperatures ranging from 27.5 to 70 °C) located within the territory of Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh. The isolated bacilli were phylogenetically profiled and studied for their potential to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes (protease, amylase, and lipase). The identification of isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed their relationship to members of more than 22 distinct species, of 8 different genera, namely Aeribacillus, Anoxybacillus, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Geobacillus, Parageobacillus, Paenibacillus and Ureibacillus. Bacillus licheniformis, Parageobacillus toebii and Anoxybacillus flavithermus were found to be the most abundant species in the springs that were studied. Some of the isolated bacilli shared less than 91–97% sequence identity with their closest match in GenBank, indicating that Armenian geothermal springs harbor novel bacilli, at least at the species level. 71% of the isolates actively produced at least one or more extracellular proteases, amylases, or lipases. In total, 22 strains (28.6%) were efficient producers of all three types of thermostable enzymes.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the RA MES State Committee of Science, within the scope of the research projects №15T-1F399 and №18T-1F261, the Armenian National Science and Education Fund based in New York, USA, to HP (ANSEF-NS-microbio 2493, 3362 and 4676) and partially supported grants from the Norwegian Agency for International Cooperation and Quality Enhancement (CPEA-LT-2016/10095).

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, Alex Manoogian 1, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia

    Hovik Panosyan & Armine Margaryan

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, 5020, Bergen, Norway

    Nils-Kåre Birkeland

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  1. Hovik Panosyan
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Panosyan, H., Margaryan, A. & Birkeland, NK. Geothermal springs in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh: potential sources of hydrolase-producing thermophilic bacilli. Extremophiles 24, 519–536 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-020-01173-1

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