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Sex-linked neurofunctional basis of psychological resilience in late adolescence: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

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Abstract

Psychological resilience refers to the ability to adapt effectively in the face of adversity, which is closely related to an individual’s psychological and physical health and well-being. Although previous behavioural studies have shown sex differences in psychological resilience, little is known about the neural basis of sex differences in psychological resilience. Here, we measured amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) via resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the sex-linked neurofunctional basis of psychological resilience in 231 healthy adolescents. At the behavioural level, we replicated previous findings indicating that males are more resilient than females. At the neural level, we found sex differences in the relationship between psychological resilience and ALFF in the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). Specifically, males showed a positive correlation between psychological resilience and ALFF in the right OFC, while females showed a negative correlation in this region. The sex-specific association between psychological resilience and spontaneous brain activity might be dependent on differences in hormonal systems and brain development between male and female adolescents. Taken together, the results of our study might provide the first evidence of sex-specific neurofunctional substrates of psychological resilience in adolescents, emphasizing the vital role of sex effects in future psychological resilience-related studies.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31800963, 81621003 and 81820108018), the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT, Grant No. IRT16R52) of China, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2019M653421), and the Postdoctoral Interdisciplinary Research Project of Sichuan University. Dr. Gong would also like to acknowledge the support from his Changjiang Scholar Professorship Award (Award No. T2014190) of China, the Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province (FMIKLSP, Grant 2019JDS0044), and the American CMB Distinguished Professorship Award (Award No. F510000/G16916411) administered by the Institute of International Education, USA.

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  1. Song Wang and Cheng Yang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Song Wang, Cheng Yang, Han Lai & Qiyong Gong

  2. Psychoradiology Research Unit of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2018RU011), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Song Wang, Han Lai, Lei Zhang & Qiyong Gong

  3. Department of Psychoradiology, Chengdu Mental Health Center, Chengdu, 610036, People’s Republic of China

    Song Wang & Qiyong Gong

  4. School of Sociology and Psychology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China

    Yajun Zhao

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The study was approved by the local research ethics committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University. All participants and their parents gave their written informed consent before the experiments.

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Wang, S., Yang, C., Zhao, Y. et al. Sex-linked neurofunctional basis of psychological resilience in late adolescence: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 29, 1075–1087 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01421-6

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