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Long-term evaluation of masseter muscle activity, dimensions, and elasticity after orthognathic surgery in skeletal class III patients

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Abstract

Objective

To evaluate changes in the masseter muscle after orthognathic surgery using electromyography (EMG), ultrasonography (US), and ultrasound elastography (USE) in individuals with skeletal class III anomaly over long-term follow-up and compare with a control group.

Materials and methods

The study group included 29 patients with class III dentofacial deformities scheduled to undergo orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. The control group included 20 individuals with dental class I occlusion. Assessment of the masseter muscles using EMG, US, and USE was performed before orthognathic surgery (T1) and at postoperative 3 months (T2) and 1 year (T3) in the study group, and at a single time point in the control group. All assessments were performed at rest and during maximum clenching. Masseter muscle activity, dimension, and hardness were analyzed.

Results

Electromyographic activity of the masseter muscle during maximum clenching was increased at postoperative 1 year but did not reach control group values. On ultrasonography, the masseter muscle showed minimal changes in dimension at postoperative 1 year compared to preoperative values and remained below control group values. The postoperative increase in masseter muscle hardness at rest and during maximum clenching persisted at postoperative 1 year.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that after orthognathic surgery, additional interventions and much longer follow-up are needed to ensure better muscle adaptation to the new occlusion and skeletal morphology.

Clinical relevance

All assessment methods are useful for comprehensively evaluating changes in the masticatory muscles after orthognathic surgery.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey

    Ozge Muftuoglu

  2. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey

    Ezgi Sunal Akturk

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey

    Hakan Eren

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey

    Cansu Gorurgoz

  5. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey

    Hakan Alpay Karasu

  6. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Kaan Orhan

  7. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Bora Akat

  8. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    Tulin Ufuk Toygar Memikoglu

Authors
  1. Ozge Muftuoglu
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  2. Ezgi Sunal Akturk
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  3. Hakan Eren
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  4. Cansu Gorurgoz
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  5. Hakan Alpay Karasu
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  6. Kaan Orhan
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  7. Bora Akat
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  8. Tulin Ufuk Toygar Memikoglu
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Ozge Muftuoglu; methodology: Ozge Muftuoglu, Tulin Ufuk Toygar Memikoglu, Ezgi Sunal Akturk; formal analysis and investigation: Ozge Muftuoglu, Hakan Eren, Bora Akat, Cansu Gorurgoz; writing—original draft preparation: Ozge Muftuoglu; writing—review and editing: Ozge Muftuoglu, Tulin Ufuk Toygar Memikoglu; funding acquisition: none; supervision: Kaan Orhan, Tulin Ufuk Toygar Memikoglu, Hakan Alpay Karasu.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ozge Muftuoglu.

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Ankara University Faculty of Dentistry Ethics Committee (36290600/74).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Muftuoglu, O., Akturk, E.S., Eren, H. et al. Long-term evaluation of masseter muscle activity, dimensions, and elasticity after orthognathic surgery in skeletal class III patients. Clin Oral Invest 27, 3855–3861 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05004-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05004-3

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