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Periodontal disease could be a potential risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An 11-year retrospective follow-up study

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Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the association of periodontal disease with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Materials and methods

A retrospective follow-up study using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort was performed from 2002 to 2015 in the Korean population. A total of 165,032 subjects were followed up for incident NAFLD during 11 years. Periodontal disease and NAFLD were defined by a diagnosis using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10) codes. Periodontal status was used as the severity of periodontal status and the number of dental visit due to PD.

Results

Periodontitis was associated with a 4% increase in risk for NAFLD after adjusting for socio-demographic factor, health behaviors, and systemic diseases (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.07). Between the number of dental visit due to PD and the risk for NAFLD was observed a dose–effect association (aHR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.99 to 1.05 for once; aHR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.15 for two times; aHR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.24 for three times).

Conclusions

Our data confirmed that periodontitis showed an association with a higher incidence of NAFLD.

Clinical relevance

Prevention and management of periodontal disease could be beneficial for reducing the risk of NAFLD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Dental Hygiene, Baekseok University, (31065) 1 Baekseokdehak-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan, Chungnam, South Korea

    Hye-Sun Shin, Min-Hee Hong & Seon-Ju Sim

  2. Big Data Statistics Institute, Cheonan, South Korea

    Hye-Sun Shin & Seon-Ju Sim

  3. Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, (03722) 50-1, Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, South Korea

    Ja-Young Moon

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Contributions

Seon-Ju Sim and Ja-Young Moon: conceptualization, methodology. Hye-Sun Shin, Min-Hee Hong, and Seon-Ju Sim: statistical analysis, data curation. Min-Hee Hong, Hye-Sun Shin, and Seon-Ju Sim: writing—original draft preparation. Ja-Young Moon: visualization. Ja-Young Moon: supervision. Seon-Ju Sim: project administration. Seon-Ju Sim and Ja-Young Moon: writing—reviewing and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ja-Young Moon.

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Ethical approval

All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by the Baekseok University Institutional Review Board (BUIRB-202001-HR-025).

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For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Ja-Young Moon and Seon-Ju Sim contributed equally to this article as corresponding author

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Shin, HS., Hong, MH., Moon, JY. et al. Periodontal disease could be a potential risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An 11-year retrospective follow-up study. Clin Oral Invest 26, 5503–5514 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04518-6

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