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Evaluation of masticatory behavior and taste sensitivity after pacifier removal in preschool children: a 1-year follow-up

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Abstract

Objective

The aim was to investigate the influence of pacifier removal on the development of masticatory function and taste sensitivity in preschool children.

Methods

Sixty children (mean age 48.2 months) were divided into two groups: pacifier group (n = 28) and a control group (n = 32), which were evaluated and followed up for a period of 12 months (at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year). Masticatory and swallowing functions were assessed using the Mastication Observation and Evaluation (MOE) protocol and Orofacial Myofunctional Rating (MBGR), respectively. Detection thresholds for sucrose and urea were measured by the staircase method. The two-way ANOVA mixed model was used for time*group interaction analysis.

Results

MOE scores improved significantly over time in both groups, although a significant difference between groups persisted after 1 year. On the other hand, swallowing scores were significantly different at baseline, but within 1 year, the scores were no longer different between groups. Chewing time and the number of cycles were not different between groups and both decreased after 1 year. Sucrose sensitivity was significantly greater in the control group at baseline and changed over time (p < 0.05), being no longer different between groups after 6 months. Bitter sensitivity did not differ over time nor between groups.

Conclusions

Detection threshold for sucrose differed significantly between children with and without pacifier habit at a mean age of 42 months. Total masticatory function did not self-correct after sucking habit removal within a 1-year period.

Clinical relevance

Children with pacifier habit showed important changes in masticatory function that did not self-correct 1 year after cessation of the habit, highlighting the need for prevention and habit interruption as early as possible.

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Funding

This work was supported by the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, SP, Brazil, grant number 2016/13867–0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil

    Kelly Guedes de Scudine, Camila Nobre de Freitas & Daniela Almeida Prado

  2. Department of Morphology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil

    Kizzy Silva Germano Nascimento de Moraes

  3. Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada

    Patrícia Pelufo Silveira

  4. Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Campus Diadema, R. São Nicolau, 210, Diadema, SP, 09913-030, Brazil

    Paula Midori Castelo

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  1. Kelly Guedes de Scudine
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  2. Camila Nobre de Freitas
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Correspondence to Paula Midori Castelo.

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de Scudine, K.G., de Freitas, C.N., de Moraes, K.S.G.N. et al. Evaluation of masticatory behavior and taste sensitivity after pacifier removal in preschool children: a 1-year follow-up. Clin Oral Invest 26, 4059–4070 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04374-4

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