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Role of saliva in the caries experience and calculus formation of young patients undergoing hemodialysis

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Abstract

Objectives

The aims of this study were to investigate the caries experience, periodontal status, oral hygiene habits, and salivary parameters of children and adolescents undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and to compare them with their healthy counterparts.

Methods

Fifty-two HD patients were matched for age, sex, ethnicity, and social class with 52 healthy subjects for analysis of the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth, plaque and gingival index, dental calculus accumulation, measurements of pocket depth, clinical attachment level, gingival recession, and bleeding on probing. Stimulated saliva samples were collected to assess salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity, and salivary concentrations of calcium, phosphate, and urea by colorimetric method.

Results

HD patients had lower dental caries (p = 0.004), greater plaque and calculus accumulation (p = 0.001), and reported flossing less often than the controls (p = 0.013). Regarding salivary analysis, HD patients showed significantly higher values of pH, buffer capacity, and salivary urea concentration when compared to the controls (p = 0.001).

Conclusion

HD patients had lower caries experience, higher accumulation of dental plaque, and calculus deposition than their healthy counterparts, probably due to the differences found in their salivary biochemical parameters.

Clinical significance

A significant number of children and adolescents undergoing hemodialysis are candidates for kidney transplantation and should receive complete pre-transplant dental exams and dental treatment. Our results open the way for the development of an individualized dental protocol for these patients with preventive measures and treatment of the poor oral health in HD patients.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank FAPERJ for financial support and Fundação do Rim Francisco Santino Filho for helping to locate the nephrology centers where the children and adolescents were treated. We also thank the nephrologists Dr. Maria de Fátima Bandeira, Dr. Arnauld Kaufman, and Dr. Regina Novaes for allowing access to the medical records.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Marcia Rejane Thomas Canabarro Andrade, Sabrina Loren Almeida Salazar & Laura Guimarães Primo

  2. Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Leandro Figueira Reis de Sá, Antonio Ferreira-Pereira & Rosangela Maria Araújo Soares

  3. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Maristela Portela

  4. Departament of Dental Clinic, Division of Graduate Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Anna Thereza Thomé Leão

  5. Cidade Universitária–Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Caixa, Postal 68066, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-971, Brazil

    Marcia Rejane Thomas Canabarro Andrade

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  1. Marcia Rejane Thomas Canabarro Andrade
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  2. Sabrina Loren Almeida Salazar
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Correspondence to Marcia Rejane Thomas Canabarro Andrade.

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Andrade, M.R.T.C., Salazar, S.L.A., de Sá, L.F.R. et al. Role of saliva in the caries experience and calculus formation of young patients undergoing hemodialysis. Clin Oral Invest 19, 1973–1980 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1441-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1441-4

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