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Exploring the in vitro anticancer activities of Re(I) picolinic acid and its fluorinated complex derivatives on lung cancer cells: a structural study

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Abstract

Fifteen rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes of the form fac-[Re(N,O’)(CO)3(X)], where N,O’-bidentate ligand = 2-picolinic acid (Pico); 3,5-difluoropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (Dfpc); 3-trifluoromethyl-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid (Tfpc) and X = H2O; pyrazole (Pz); pyridine (Py); imidazole (Im); and methanol (CH3OH) were synthesized using the ‘2 + 1’ mixed ligand approach with an average yield of 84%. The complexes were characterized using the following spectroscopic techniques: IR, 1H and 13C NMR, UV/Vis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The effect of the fluorine atoms on the backbone of the N,O’-bidentate ligand was investigated and a trend was noticed in the carbonyl stretching frequencies: with Pico < Tfpc < Dfpc. The in vitro biological screening on Vero (healthy mammalian), HeLa (cervical carcinoma) and A549 (lung cancer) cells revealed one toxic complex, fac-[Re(Pico)(CO)3(H2O)], with respective LC50 values of 9.0 ± 0.9, 15.8 ± 4.9 (SI = 0.570) and 20.9 ± 0.8 (SI = 0.430) μg/mL. As a result, it can be used as a positive control drug of toxicity.

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Data availability statement

The in vitro biological datasets generated during and/or analysed during this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the National Research Foundation South Africa (Grant No. 129468), Tshwane University of Technology and the University of Pretoria for institutional and financial support.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, P.O. Box X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    Mabu L. Matlou, Vuyelwa J. Tembu & Amanda-Lee E. Manicum

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, 02 Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    Frederick P. Malan

  3. Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida Campus, Florida, 1710, South Africa

    Sanah Nkadimeng

  4. Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa

    Lyndy McGaw

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Matlou, M.L., Malan, F.P., Nkadimeng, S. et al. Exploring the in vitro anticancer activities of Re(I) picolinic acid and its fluorinated complex derivatives on lung cancer cells: a structural study. J Biol Inorg Chem 28, 29–41 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-022-01971-2

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