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Acid-facilitated product release from a Mo(IV) center: relevance to oxygen atom transfer reactivity of molybdenum oxotransferases

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Abstract

We report that pyridinium ions (HPyr+) accelerate the conversion of [Tp*MoIVOCl(OPMe3)] (1) to [Tp*MoIVOCl(NCCH3)] (2) by 103-fold, affording 2 in near-quantitative yield; Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate. This novel reactivity and the mechanism of this reaction were investigated in detail. The formation of 2 followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, with the observed pseudo-first-order rate constant (k obs) linearly correlated with [HPyr+]. An Eyring plot revealed that this HPyr+-facilitated reaction has a small positive value of ∆S ‡ indicative of a dissociative interchange (Id) mechanism, different from the slower associative interchange (Ia) mechanism in the absence of HPyr+ marked with a negative ∆S ‡. Interestingly, log(k obs) was found to be linearly correlated to the acidity of substituted pyridinium ions. This novel reactivity is further investigated using combined DFT and ab initio coupled cluster methods. Different reaction pathways, including Id, Ia, and possible alternative routes in the absence or presence of HPyr+, were considered, and enthalpy and free energies were calculated for each pathway. Our computational results further underscored that the Id route is energetically favored in the presence of HPyr+, in contrast with the preferred Ia–NNO pathway in the absence of HPyr+. Our computational results also revealed molecular-level details for the HPyr+-facilitated Id route. Specifically, HPyr+ initially becomes hydrogen-bonded to the oxygen atom of the Mo(IV)–OPMe3 moiety, which lowers the activation barrier for the Mo–OPMe3 bond cleavage in a rate-limiting step to dissociate the OPMe3 product. The implications of our results were discussed in the context of molybdoenzymes, particularly the reductive half-reaction of sulfite oxidase.

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Notes

  1. The overall conversion of 1-to-2 was observed and treated as pseudo-first-order kinetics, rather than saturation kinetics, with −d[1]/dt equal to d[2]/dt at any time of this reaction. No other intermediates, including [1···HPyr+ ], accumulated to detectable amount. Therefore, the acid–base pre-equilibrium step of HPyr+ binding to the oxygen atom of the Mo-OPMe3 moiety after the co-solvated encounter complex is formed must be rapid, with [1···HPyr+]/[1] << 1 under the current experimental conditions.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the U.S. National Institute of Health (Project Number: 1SC2GM121183-01), the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE; Project Number TG-CHE170004), and New Mexico State University.

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA

    Feifei Li, Marat R. Talipov, Chao Dong & Sofia Bali

  2. Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA

    Keying Ding

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Li, F., Talipov, M.R., Dong, C. et al. Acid-facilitated product release from a Mo(IV) center: relevance to oxygen atom transfer reactivity of molybdenum oxotransferases. J Biol Inorg Chem 23, 193–207 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-017-1518-4

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