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Band Selective Excitation and \(\frac{\pi }{2}\)-Rotation using Fourier Synthesis

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Abstract

Band selective excitation is widely used in high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to suppress unwanted signals. This article proposes a simple and versatile approach to design such pulses to band selectively rotate the magnetization vector for a desired flip angle. A \(90^\circ \) excitation pulse is designed by amplitude modulation obtained using Fourier series to bring the magnetization vector to the equator of the Bloch sphere. However, this excited magnetization vector is dispersed linearly on the equator with the offset frequency. \(180^\circ \) hard pulses with a free evolution period are used to refocus the excited magnetization vector. The main advantages of this design are overall simplicity and analytical tractability, making it suitable for practical applications. Simulation for band selective excitation and band selective \(\frac{\pi }{2}\)-rotation are presented to validate the theory. Experimental realization of the proposed pulse sequences is done on a 750 MHz spectrometer for a sample of \(99.5\%\ \text {D}_2\text {O}\) and \(0.5\%\ \text {H}_2\text {O}\).

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the colleagues of Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay for their constant support during the work. The authors sincerely thank Mr. Pramod Mali and Mr. Soumya Ranjan Pujahari for their help with the experiments. The colleagues at Department of Systems and Control Engineering and the authorities of IIT Bombay are acknowledged for their support and cooperation.

Funding

The work is funded by ‘SEED Grant’, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay.

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  1. Sambeda Sarkar and Navin Khaneja contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Department of Systems and Control Engineering, Indian Insitute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India

    Sambeda Sarkar & Navin Khaneja

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  1. Sambeda Sarkar
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  2. Navin Khaneja
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Correspondence to Sambeda Sarkar.

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Sarkar, S., Khaneja, N. Band Selective Excitation and \(\frac{\pi }{2}\)-Rotation using Fourier Synthesis. Appl Magn Reson 54, 699–718 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-023-01547-6

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