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Flexible Segmented Surface Coil Resonator for In Vivo EPR Measurements in Human Subjects

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Abstract

There is a strong need to enable accurate and convenient oxygen measurements in vivo for human subjects to improve treatments for cancer, peripheral vascular disease, and other diseases where tissue oxygen levels have a significant impact. While EPR spectroscopy has the potential to do this effectively, the full exploitation of these capabilities requires optimization of resonators for use with human subjects. Patient motion, and its effects on resonator coupling and positioning relative to the implanted oximetry probe, is a major source of noise and artifacts. Additionally, optimization of detection sensitivity to enable measurements from tissues at depths of several centimeters with clinically practical acquisition times is needed. To meet these needs, surface resonators with high sensitivity and flexible cables that allow the detection loop to be conveniently attached to the skin surface were developed for use with low frequency (L-Band, 1.15 GHz) continuous wave EPR. These resonators include a multi-segment sensing loop with a common capacitance. The light-weight segmented sensing loops, with diameters of 10–20 mm, can be connected to a commercial topical fixation applicator to conveniently and securely position them on patients’ skin surfaces. It was shown that a resonator of 20 mm in diameter makes it possible to obtain adequate EPR signals in tissue phantoms up to a depth of 20 mm with ~ 2 min of signal averaging. This novel lightweight resonator design, with sensitive multi-segment design and flexible cable with skin surface attachment, significantly reduced the impacts of subject motion enabling reliable EPR oximetry measurements in human subjects.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from the US National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute [P01 CA190193].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA

    Sergey Petryakov, Wilson Schreiber, Maciej Kmiec, Harold M. Swartz, Periannan Kuppusamy & Benjamin B. Williams

  2. Section of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH, 03756, USA

    Harold M. Swartz, Philip E. Schaner, Periannan Kuppusamy & Benjamin B. Williams

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  1. Sergey Petryakov
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  2. Wilson Schreiber
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  3. Maciej Kmiec
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  4. Harold M. Swartz
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  5. Philip E. Schaner
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  6. Periannan Kuppusamy
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  7. Benjamin B. Williams
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Correspondence to Benjamin B. Williams.

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Petryakov, S., Schreiber, W., Kmiec, M. et al. Flexible Segmented Surface Coil Resonator for In Vivo EPR Measurements in Human Subjects. Appl Magn Reson 53, 145–165 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-021-01408-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-021-01408-0

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