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Aluminium-induced excessive ROS causes cellular damage and metabolic shifts in black gram Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper

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Abstract

Aluminium-induced oxidative damage caused by excessive ROS production was evaluated in black gram pulse crop. Black gram plants were treated with different aluminium (Al3+) concentrations (10, 50 and 100 μM with pH 4.7) and further the effects of Al3+ were characterised by means of root growth inhibition, histochemical assay, ROS content analysis, protein carbonylation quantification and 1H-NMR analysis. The results showed that aluminium induces excessive ROS production which leads to cellular damage, root injury, stunt root growth and other metabolic shifts. In black gram, Al3+ induces cellular damage at the earliest stage of stress which was characterised from histochemical analysis. From this study, it was observed that prolonged stress can activate certain aluminium detoxification defence mechanism. Probably excessive ROS triggers such defence mechanism in black gram. Al3+ can induce excessive ROS initially in the root region then transported to other parts of the plant. As much as the Al3+ concentration increases, the rate of cellular injury and ROS production also increases. But after 72 h of stress, plants showed a lowered ROS level and cellular damage which indicates the upregulation of defensive mechanisms. Metabolic shift analysis also showed that the black gram plant under stress has less metabolic content after 24 h of treatment, but gradually, it was increased after 72 h of treatment. It was assumed that ROS played the most important role as a signalling molecule for aluminium stress in black gram.

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Abbreviations

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

Al3+ :

Aluminium

PC:

Protein carbonylation

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

FW:

Fresh weight

DW:

Dry weight

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Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank DBT, Govt. of India, for providing the facility for the research work. We thank IIPR, Kanpur, for providing black gram seeds for the present research work. We also sincerely thank DBT-Biotech Hub, Assam University, Silchar, for providing the facility for the research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, India

    Umakanta Chowra & Sanjib Kumar Panda

  2. United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan

    Emiko Yanase & Hiroyuki Koyama

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  1. Umakanta Chowra
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  2. Emiko Yanase
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  3. Hiroyuki Koyama
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  4. Sanjib Kumar Panda
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Correspondence to Umakanta Chowra.

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Chowra, U., Yanase, E., Koyama, H. et al. Aluminium-induced excessive ROS causes cellular damage and metabolic shifts in black gram Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper. Protoplasma 254, 293–302 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-0943-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-0943-5

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