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Molecular and histopathological characterization of lumpy skin disease in cattle in northern Vietnam during the 2020–2021 outbreaks

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Abstract

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a serious emerging infectious disease in cattle caused by a virus of the family Poxviridae. According to the Department of Animal Health, LSD first occurred in Vietnam at the end of October 2020 in Cao Bang and Lang Son provinces. So far, the disease has infected over 63,000 animals, resulting in 9170 deaths occurring in 32 different provinces in northern and central Vietnam. In this study, skin samples from lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV)-infected cattle from the northern provinces of Vietnam displaying clinical symptoms including fever (> 40 °C), runny nose, drooling, and skin lesions were used for genetic characterization and histopathology. Genetic analysis of the partial P32 (LSDV074), partial F (LSDV117), complete RPO30 (LSDV035), and complete G-protein-coupled-chemokine-like receptor (GPCR) (LSDV011) genes showed that all Vietnamese LSDV strains belonged to the genus Capripoxvirus and were closely related to LSDV strains isolated in China. Microscopic examination of the skin lesions showed thickening of the epidermal layer of the skin and hair follicles, hyperplasia of sebaceous glands, intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, and hemorrhages in the mesoderm.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Vietnam National University of Agriculture (VNUA).

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Author notes

  1. Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Van Tam Nguyen and Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre for Plant and Animal Health, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh, Van Tam Nguyen & Ngoc Thach Pham

  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Nguyen Tuan Anh Mai, Phuong Nam Le, Thi Ngoc Ha Lai, Thanh Huong Phan, Van Phai Dam, Thi Lan Nguyen & Van Phan Le

  3. Bac Giang Agriculture and Forestry University, Bac Giang, Vietnam

    Thi Thu Huyen Nguyen & Duc Hoan Tran

  4. National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Aruna Ambagala & Shawn Babiuk

  5. Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam

    Van Phan Le

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  1. Thi Bich Ngoc Trinh
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Correspondence to Van Phan Le.

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Trinh, T.B.N., Nguyen, V.T., Nguyen, T.T.H. et al. Molecular and histopathological characterization of lumpy skin disease in cattle in northern Vietnam during the 2020–2021 outbreaks. Arch Virol 167, 2143–2149 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05533-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05533-4

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