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Human pegivirus 1 in Cabo Verde: prevalence and genotypic distribution among HIV-infected individuals

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Abstract

Human pegivirus 1 (HPgV-1) belongs to the genus Pegivirus, family Flaviviridae, and until now has been considered a non-pathogenic agent, despite being considered a risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However, a beneficial impact of HPgV-1 on HIV disease progression has been extensively reported. Given the high prevalence of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa and the scarcity of epidemiological data for many countries of West Africa, we conducted the first study of HPgV-1 in HIV-infected individuals from Cabo Verde. To obtain new data regarding prevalence and genetic diversity of HPgV-1 in Africa, serum samples from 102 HIV-infected Cabo Verdeans were tested for the presence of viral RNA, and the circulating genotypes were identified by sequencing of the 5’ untranslated region. HPgV-1 RNA was detected in 19.6% (20/102) of the samples. In 72.2% (13/18) of the samples, the virus was identified as genotype 2 (11/13 subtype 2a and 2/13 subtype 2b), and in 27.8% (5/18), it was identified as genotype 1. The estimated substitution rate of HPgV-1 genotype 2 was 5.76 × 10-4, and Bayesian analysis indicated the existence of inner clusters within subtypes 2a and 2b. The prevalence of HPgV-1 viremia in Cabo Verde agrees with that reported previously in Africa. Genotypes 1 and 2 cocirculate, with genotype 2 being more common, and HIV/HPgV-1 coinfection was not associated with higher CD4 T cell counts in the studied population. This finding contributes for the expansion of the pegivirus research agenda in African countries.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the DNA Sequencing Platform FIOCRUZ for performing nucleotide sequencing.

Funding

This research was supported by the Oswaldo Cruz Institute—Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/FIOCRUZ—Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Cabo Verde, Praia, Cabo Verde

    Isabel Inês M. de Pina-Araujo

  2. Plataforma NB3, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Marco Aurélio Horta

  3. Laboratório de Hepatites Virais, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Francisco Campello do Amaral Mello

  4. Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Caroline Cordeiro Soares

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  1. Isabel Inês M. de Pina-Araujo
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Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CCS, IIdPA. Performed the experiments: CCS. Analyzed the data: MAH, CCS, FCdAM. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: CCS, FCdAM, IIdPA. All authors read and approved he manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francisco Campello do Amaral Mello.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funder had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Ethical approval

This study was approved under protocol number 01/2016 by the Cabo Verde National Ethics Committee in Health and Research in its 47th ordinary meeting on July 31, 2014. All of the participants signed informed consent forms, and the study was conducted under an agreement with the University of Cabo Verde and the Ministry of Health in Cabo Verde.

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de Pina-Araujo, I.I.M., Horta, M.A., do Amaral Mello, F.C. et al. Human pegivirus 1 in Cabo Verde: prevalence and genotypic distribution among HIV-infected individuals. Arch Virol 166, 1345–1353 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05014-0

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