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Delineation of urban expansion and drought-prone areas using vegetation conditions and other geospatial indices

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Abstract

Drought is a dominant climatic feature in arid and semiarid regions. Climate change, temperature variability, and anthropogenic activities caused an increase in agricultural droughts in many regions. Investigation of drought dynamics is important for innovative planning and management of natural resources in drought-prone areas. Remote sensing indices and earth observational datasets were used in this study to investigate droughts in the Bikaner city of Rajasthan, India. Vegetation condition index (VCI), temperature condition index (TCI), and vegetation health index (VHI), estimated from multitemporal Landsat datasets, were used for monitoring the drought-prone areas. Land use land cover (LULC) map, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and surface temperature were also calculated for monitoring the decadal changes in surface features. The results showed that barren lands decreased from around 162.75 to 79.59 km2. The annual average temperature increased by 0.72 °C, while agricultural land increased by 33.83 km2 during 1990‒2020. There was a gradual increase in droughts, but the increase was more in recent years than in the early period. The climatic condition revealed from VCI, TCI, and NDVI maps indicated most of the Bikaner city is prone to moderate and extreme droughts. The study indicates the need for VCI-based real-time drought monitoring for drought management.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support provided by Al-Ayen University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, India

    Bijay Halder

  2. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Tiyasha Tiyasha

  3. School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia

    Shamsuddin Shahid

  4. Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia

    Zaher Mundher Yaseen

  5. USQ’s Advanced Data Analytics Research Group, School of Mathematics Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Queensland, 4350, Australia

    Zaher Mundher Yaseen

  6. New era and Development in Civil Engineering Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Iraq

    Zaher Mundher Yaseen

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  1. Bijay Halder
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  2. Tiyasha Tiyasha
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  3. Shamsuddin Shahid
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  4. Zaher Mundher Yaseen
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Contributions

Bijay Halder: data curation; formal analysis; methodology; investigation; visualization; writing—original draft, review and editing draft preparation; resources; software. Tiyasha Tiyasha: investigation; visualization; writing—original draft, review and editing draft preparation. Shamsuddin Shahid: supervision; validation; investigation; visualization; writing—original draft, review and editing draft preparation. Zaher Mundher Yaseen: supervision, conceptualization; project administration; writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Zaher Mundher Yaseen.

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Halder, B., Tiyasha, T., Shahid, S. et al. Delineation of urban expansion and drought-prone areas using vegetation conditions and other geospatial indices. Theor Appl Climatol 149, 1277–1295 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-022-04108-2

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