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Observed particle sizes and fluxes of Aeolian sediment in the near surface layer during sand-dust storms in the Taklamakan Desert

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Abstract

Monitoring, modeling and predicting the formation and movement of dust storms across the global deserts has drawn great attention in recent decades. Nevertheless, the scarcity of real-time observations of the wind-driven emission, transport and deposition of dusts has severely impeded progress in this area. In this study, we report an observational analysis of sand-dust storm samples collected at seven vertical levels from an 80-m-high flux tower located in the hinterland of the great Taklamakan Desert for ten sand-dust storm events that occurred during 2008–2010. We analyzed the vertical distribution of sandstorm particle grain sizes and horizontal sand-dust sediment fluxes from the near surface up to 80 m high in this extremely harsh but highly representative environment. The results showed that the average sandstorm grain size was in the range of 70 to 85 μm. With the natural presence of sand dunes and valleys, the horizontal dust flux appeared to increase with height within the lower surface layer, but was almost invariant above 32 m. The average flux values varied within the range of 8 to 14 kg m−2 and the vertical distribution was dominated by the wind speed in the boundary layer. The dominant dust particle size was PM100 and below, which on average accounted for 60–80 % of the samples collected, with 0.9–2.5 % for PM0–2.5, 3.5–7.0 % for PM0–10, 5.0–14.0 % for PM0–20 and 20.0–40.0 % for PM0–50. The observations suggested that on average the sand-dust vertical flux potential is about 0.29 kg m−2 from the top of the 80 m tower to the upper planetary boundary layer and free atmosphere through the transport of particles smaller than PM20. Some of our results differed from previous measurements from other desert surfaces and laboratory wind-dust experiments, and therefore provide valuable observations to support further improvement of modeling of sandstorms across different natural environmental conditions.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (41305107, 41375163, 41175140 and 41265002), China Special Fund for Meteorological Research in the Public Interest (GYHY201306066). We thank the anonymous reviewers for their very constructive comments and suggestions during the review process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210044, China

    Wen Huo, Xinghua Yang, Fuyin Zhang & Xiefei Zhi

  2. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi, 830002, China

    Wen Huo, Qing He, Fan Yang, Xinghua Yang, Qing Yang, Ali Mamtimin, Xinchun Liu, Mingzhong Wang & Yong Zhao

  3. Taklamakan Desert Atmosphere and Environment Observation Experiment Station, Xinjiang, Tazhong, China

    Wen Huo, Qing He, Fan Yang, Xinghua Yang, Qing Yang, Ali Mamtimin, Xinchun Liu, Mingzhong Wang & Yong Zhao

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  1. Wen Huo
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  2. Qing He
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  3. Fan Yang
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  4. Xinghua Yang
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  10. Yong Zhao
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  11. Xiefei Zhi
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Correspondence to Xiefei Zhi.

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Huo, W., He, Q., Yang, F. et al. Observed particle sizes and fluxes of Aeolian sediment in the near surface layer during sand-dust storms in the Taklamakan Desert. Theor Appl Climatol 130, 735–746 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-016-1917-4

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