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Patient and aneurysm characteristics associated with rupture risk of multiple intracranial aneurysms in the anterior circulation system

  • Clinical Article - Vascular
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Abstract

Background

Multiple intracranial aneurysms (MIAs) are associated with poorer outcomes after rupture than are single intracranial aneurysms (SIAs). Although the risk factors for intracranial aneurysm rupture have been widely investigated, few studies have focused on MIAs. Thus, the present study aimed to determine whether there are differences in the patient and aneurysm characteristics between those with ruptured and unruptured anterior circulation MIAs (AC-MIAs).

Method

The present study included 97 patients with AC-MIAs (58 ruptured, 39 unruptured). Data regarding patient characteristics, aneurysm location, mirror aneurysms (MirAns), and bleb formations were collected from medical records and angiography images. Three-dimensional (3D) geometries generated with a 3D Slicer were evaluated to determine the range of morphological parameters. A univariate analysis was conducted to identify significant differences between the groups and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed for each morphological parameter.

Results

There are significantly fewer patients younger than 40 years of age in the ruptured group (P = 0.04); although the groups did not significantly differ with regard to smoking and hypertension, the ruptured group included significantly more current smokers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day (P = 0.025) and significantly more patients with a history of hypertension but an irregular use of anti-hypertensive medications (P = 0.043). Ruptured AC-MIAs were more likely to be located in the internal carotid artery (ICA) communicating artery (ICA C7) and anterior communicating artery (AComA; P = 0.000), to have formed a pair of MirAns (P = 0.001), and to have a bleb formation (P = 0.000). In terms of morphological parameters, the two groups differed significantly regarding aneurysm size (P = 0.000), neck width (P = 0.016), bottleneck factor (BNF; P = 0.000), height/width ratio (H/W; P = 0.031), aspect ratio (AR; P = 0.000) and size ratio (SR; P = 0.000). Additionally, the ROC analyses revealed that the optimal threshold size for rupture was 4.00 mm and that the SR had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value (0.826).

Conclusions

The present study found that current smokers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day and those with hypertension but an irregular use of anti-hypertensive medications were more likely to suffer from rupture. Aneurysm location and bleb formation were closely related to the rupture of AC-MIAs, and SR was a better predictor of AC-MIAs rupture status than size, neck width, BNF, H/W and AR. These findings should be verified by future prospective follow-up studies of AC-MIAs.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Quan Zhou, a Ph.D. candidate at the University of California, Los Angeles for editorial assistance. We also thank Cheng-Zhang Shi, M.D. of The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University for help with data collection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79, Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China

    Hao Jiang, Yu-Xiang Weng, Yu Zhu, Jian Shen, Jian-Wei Pan & Ren-Ya Zhan

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  1. Hao Jiang
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  2. Yu-Xiang Weng
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Correspondence to Ren-Ya Zhan.

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No funding was received for this research.

Conflict of interest

All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Jiang, H., Weng, YX., Zhu, Y. et al. Patient and aneurysm characteristics associated with rupture risk of multiple intracranial aneurysms in the anterior circulation system. Acta Neurochir 158, 1367–1375 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-016-2826-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-016-2826-0

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