Abstract
Portulaca minensis is a poorly known species of Portulacaceae, considered exclusive to the campo rupestre vegetation in Minas Gerais, Brazil. It shares morphological features with members of the Cryptopetala clade, composed of P. mucronata, P. cryptopetala, and P. hirsutissima. The purpose of this paper is to expand the knowledge about the taxonomy, distribution, and micromorphology of P. minensis, comparing it to its morphologically related species occurring in the Espinhaço Range, along Eastern Brazil. We analyzed specimens of this group in herbaria and in the field and gathered data on micromorphology of seeds surface and pollen grains using scanning electron microscopy. In addition, we also analyzed leaf anatomy using light microscopy for the first time to this species. Portulaca minensis can be distinguished from its allies within the P. hirsutissima complex by glabrous leaves and sepaloid (vs. pilose) and from P. mucronata, it differs by reddish sepaloid structures (vs. greenish). As this species showed leaf anatomy with intermediate metabolism C3–C4, we consider it as a probable member of the Cryptopetala clade. The pantocolpate pollen grains were similar to most Portulaca species (except the P. hirsutissima complex), but the slightly convex ornate seeds with par-dome type projections were considered diagnostic to P. minensis. We also indicate new localities of occurrence to P. minensis in the state of Bahia, expanding the species distribution toward the Northeastern region. This species is classified as endangered according to the IUCN criteria (EN B1 + b(i, ii, iii), with EOO = 3,557,978 km2 and AOO = 28,000 km2.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brazil (CAPES)—Financial Code 001 (for fellowship given to TVAS); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento e Pesquisa (CNPq) for productivity grants (PQ1C for GFAMP and RPO), PPBIO Semiárido network (Grant 457427/2012-4); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Grant 15/15158-4) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (PIE0009/2016) for the financial support. We are also grateful to Dr. Aline Stadnik for collecting Portulaca minensis for the first time in Bahia and sharing information about it with us; the Plant Anatomy Laboratories of USP and UEFS for providing the equipment used for the development of the microscopy and imaging work; and to the herbarium curators (HUEFS, ALCB, SPF, MBM, RB) who made their collections available for analysis and enabled the completion of this work.
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Appendix
Appendix
Specimens analyzed in the present work
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Portulaca minensis: BRAZIL. Bahia: Licínio de Almeida, Aug 2016, T. Vieira 158 (HUEFS). Minas Gerais: Cristália, 6 Nov 1986, M. Meguro CFCR8960 (SPF); Botumirim, 15 Jun 1991, Mello-Silva 517 (SPF); Monte Azul, 6 Nov 2002, A.O. Araujo 54 (HUEFS); idem, 12 Jun 2009, N.F.O. Mota 1439 (SPF); Grão Mogol, 13 Apr 1981, Cordeiro et al. CFCR809 (HUEFS); idem 8 Jan 2003, L.P. Queiroz 7544 (HUEFS); idem, 22 Mar 2000, J.R. Pirani 4577 (HUEFS); idem, 4 Sep 1985, J.R. Pirani CFCR8407 (SPF); idem, 26 Feb 1986, J. Semir CFCR9686 (SPF); Mato Verde, 24 Sep 2003, Oliveira 241 (HUEFS); idem, 11 Jan 2006, A.K.A. Santos 616 (HUEFS).
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Portulaca giuliettiae: BRAZIL. Bahia: Abaíra, 31 Jan 1992, J.R. Pirani H51366 (HUEFS); Jacobia, 19 Nov 2011, N. Roque et al. 3423 (ALCB); Morro do Chapéu, 9 Jan 2014, T. Vieira 9 (HUEFS); Licínio de Almeida, 9 Sep 2016, T. Vieira 159 (HUEFS); idem, 21 Mar 2017, A. Stadnik and A. Tuller 435 (ALCB); Mucugê, 16 Jun 2018, T. Vieira 174 (ALCB); idem, 13 Feb 1997, M.L.S. Guedes PCD5523 (HUEFS); Palmeiras, 29 Jan 2015, T. Vieira 159 (HUEFS); idem, 11 Jan 2019, N. Roque et al. 4257 (ALCB); Piatã, 29 Jul 2017, N. Roque et al. 5041 (ALCB).
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Portulaca hirsutissima: BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Datas, Mar 2015, L.M. Borges 367 (SPF); Diamantina, 12 Fev 2104, M. Verdi 6879 (RB); idem, 11 Mar 2019, D. Cardoso 3788 (HUEFS); Jaboticatubas, 16 Ouct 2013, M. Verdi 6701 (RB); Grão Mogol, 28 Set 2003, A. Oliveira 242 (HUEFS); idem, 15 Jun 1990, D.C. Zappi 13025 (HUEFS); Nova Belém, 22 April 2013, J.A Oliveira 350 (HUEFS); Santa Pirapama, 5 Mar 2009, D.C. Zappi 1713 (SPF); Serra do Cipó, 14 Mar 2017, T. Vieira 161 (HUEFS).
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Portulaca mucronata: BRAZIL. Bahia: Abaíra, 27 Feb 1992, B.H. Stannard 51627 (SPF); Bom Jesus da Lapa, 6 Dez 1999, E. Melo 3223 (HUEFS); Contendas do Sincorá, 6 Feb 2015, L.Y.S. Aona 3870 (HUEFS); Licínio de Almeida, 11 Dez 2009, E. Melo 7455 (HUEFS); Morro do Chapéu, 15 Jan 2014, T. Vieira 12 (HUEFS); idem, 14 Dez 2013, T. Vieira 5 (HUEFS). Minas Gerais: Botumirim, 7 Jan 2016, A. Queiroz-Lima 164 (HUEFS); idem, 20 Dez 2004, R.C. Forzza 3789 (SPF); Diamantina, 15 Nov 1921, G. Hatschbach 28008 (MBM); Grão Mogol, April 2004, M.J.G. Andrade 474 (HUEFS); idem, 27 Feb 1983, E. Simonis CFCR4092 (SPF); Medina, 19 Feb 1989, G. Hatschbach and Cordeiro 52708 (HUEFS); Santana do Riacho, 11 Mar 2010, D.C. Zappi 2797 (SPF); Serra do Cipó, 14 Mar 2017, T. Vieira 160 (HUEFS).
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dos Santos, T.V.A., Leite, K.R.B., Dórea, M.d.C. et al. Taxonomic differentiation among Portulaca minensis (Portulacaceae) and its allies occurring within the Espinhaço Range, Brazil, based on macro and microcharacters. Plant Syst Evol 307, 42 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-021-01758-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-021-01758-z