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Voltammetric immunoassay for the carcinoembryonic antigen by using a glassy carbon electrode modified with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with tannic acid and grafted with poly(ethylene glycol)

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Abstract

The authors describe a voltammetric immunoassay for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). A GCE was modified by electrodeposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with tannic acid (TA). Subsequently, four-armed poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was assembled onto the modified surface through hydrogen bonding. The fabrication steps were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and differential pulse voltammetry. The PEG/TA-PEDOT surface is shown be super-hydrophilic and to possess anti-fouling capability. Antibody against CEA was then covalently immobilized on the electrode. By using hexacyanoferrate as an electrochemical probe and at a working potential of 0.18 V vs SCE, the amperometric response is linear in the 10 ag·mL−1 to 1.0 ng·mL−1 CEA concentration range, and the detection limit is as low as 4.8 ag·mL−1 (at an S/N ratio of 3). The assay was applied to the quantification of CEA in 1:10 diluted human serum samples. Recoveries ranged from 103.7 to 108.7%, and relative standard deviations from 2.9 to 4.8%.

Schematic of an electrochemical immunosensor for the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). It is based on the use of tannic acid (TA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), both deposited on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE), and using hexacyanoferrate as the electrochemical probe. The sensor has a wide linear range and a 4.8 ag·mL−1 detection limit.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Joint Funds of the National Science Foundation of China (U1303283), National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2015AA034602), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015 M582738), The science and technology project and achievement transformation plan of modern agricultural of Xinjiang Corps (2016 AC010), The National Science and Technology Major Project (2017YFD0500304).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Lihua Chen & Shuli Lv

  2. Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Animal Disease of Xinjiang Corps. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, China

    Lihua Chen & Chuangfu Chen

  3. Xinbao agricultural Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Wujiaqu, Xinjiang, 831300, China

    Zhigang Gao

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  1. Lihua Chen
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  2. Shuli Lv
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  4. Chuangfu Chen
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Correspondence to Chuangfu Chen.

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Chen, L., Lv, S., Gao, Z. et al. Voltammetric immunoassay for the carcinoembryonic antigen by using a glassy carbon electrode modified with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with tannic acid and grafted with poly(ethylene glycol). Microchim Acta 184, 4705–4712 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2502-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2502-y

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