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An aptasensor for voltammetric and impedimetric determination of cocaine based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with platinum nanoparticles and using rutin as a redox probe

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Abstract

We describe a method for the determination of cocaine that is based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite consisting of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, an ionic liquid, and chitosan. The electrode was made cocaine-responsive by immobilizing a cocaine-specific aptamer and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) on the modified electrode. The use of PtNPs resulted in the acceleration of the electron transfer kinetics of the reduction of the redox probe rutin and enhances sensitivity. The sensor, best operated at a working voltage of 260 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, has a linear response to cocaine in the 1 nM to 11 μM concentration range, and the detection limit is 100 pM (at an S/N ratio of 3). We think this strategy to represent a promising platform for the sensitive and selective determination of cocaine. The sensor is adequately stable and was successfully applied to the determination of cocaine in spiked serum.

We developed an electrochemical aptasensor for cocaine by using rutin as a redox probe. The MWCNTs/IL/Chit in nanocomposite was used as a unique platform for the covalent attachment of aptamer functionalized PtNPs. The LOD for cocaine detection is 100 pM.

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Acknowledgments

Presented work was supported by the grants from Ilam University of Iran. The authors would like to thank the Center of Narcotics and the Iranian Ministry of Sanitation for supplying some of the analgesic and narcotic drugs. Faeze Shahdost-fard also thanks Ilam University for her Ph.D course.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Ilam University, 69315-516, Ilam, Iran

    Mahmoud Roushani & Faezeh Shahdost-fard

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  1. Mahmoud Roushani
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  2. Faezeh Shahdost-fard
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Correspondence to Mahmoud Roushani.

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Roushani, M., Shahdost-fard, F. An aptasensor for voltammetric and impedimetric determination of cocaine based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with platinum nanoparticles and using rutin as a redox probe. Microchim Acta 183, 185–193 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1604-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1604-7

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