Abstract
Science-based and accurate means for the evaluation of vibration caused by blasting are important for controlling hazards associated with blasting. This paper proposes a system for evaluating safety as it relates to blasting vibration. The system applies the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) energy analysis method combined with the signal energy ratio and the natural vibration characteristics of the structure to analyze the instantaneous energy. The application of the HHT is optimized by CEEMDAN, and the criterion of equivalent peak particle velocity (EPV) is used. Combined with relevant knowledge of structural dynamics, the calculation for the energy evaluation is thoroughly optimized. The evaluation method combines the characteristics of signal processing, energy analysis and structural dynamics. The influence of vibration velocity, frequency and duration on the response to the vibration is comprehensively considered, and the reason for the instability of structures is explained in terms of input energy. The rationality and feasibility of the evaluation system are verified by specific engineering example. The results show that the intensity of the response of a building to blasting vibration is related to its inherent characteristics and the velocity and frequency of the vibration. The response to a vibration with a large peak particle velocity is not necessarily large, but the response in area far from the blasting site may be amplified to a certain extent, which coincides with the regulations for hazard control that consider the influence of frequency in various locations. However, compared with the traditional control specification, the safety evaluation method introduced in this paper can quantitatively take into account the influence of frequency as well as the duration and inherent characteristics of the blasting signal, thus showing strong applicability.
Highlights
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The calculation process of the Hilbert-Huang transform is optimized by introducing the CEEMDAN (complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise decomposition), and the problem of modal aliasing and interference components existing in the traditional method is solved.
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A new system of blasting vibration control is constructed from the perspective of energy conversion. In addition, the concept of equivalent peak particle velocity (EPV) is also proposed.
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The newly introduced method is verified by the measured blasting signal. The results confirm that the newly introduced method in the manuscript is more adaptive and practical compared to the traditional control method.
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The results of the blasting vibration energy analysis showed that the total vibration energy exponentially decayed as the distance increased. However, the low-frequency and low-amplitude vibrations tended to induce resonance. Fortunately, the EPV can not only reflect the influence of the vibration velocity but also quantitatively reflect the contribution value of the vibration frequency. In addition, it can also consider the natural vibration characteristics of the protected building and the energy characteristics of the blasting vibration signal, showing certain advantages.
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Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable requirements.
Abbreviations
- PPV :
-
Peak particle velocity
- EPV :
-
Equivalent peak particle velocity
- R :
-
Distance from the blast area
- f m :
-
Dominant frequency
- v(t):
-
Blasting vibration signal
- E T :
-
Total energy of blasting vibration
- IE :
-
Instantaneous energy
- ∆E :
-
Instantaneous energy superposition over time period
- \(\Delta \overline{E}\) :
-
Equivalent instantaneous energy
- HHT:
-
Hilbert–Huang transform
- ω 0 :
-
Natural frequency
- ξ 0 :
-
Damping ratio
- β :
-
Dynamic amplification coefficient
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Acknowledgements
The work described in this paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (number: 51878242 and 41572270) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (number: E2020404007). The original data of this research mainly come from the horizontal project of enterprise alliance (XJTXTL-JSZX-2020-0010).
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Wang, H., Zhao, Y., Shan, R. et al. Safety Evaluation and Application of Blasting Vibration Based on an Improved Hilbert–Huang Transform. Rock Mech Rock Eng 56, 3971–3991 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-023-03272-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-023-03272-9