Abstract
This paper describes a systematic method with high accuracy and efficiency to scientifically analyse the long-term stability and deformation behaviour of an anhydrite mine-out located in Anhui, South China and evaluate the feasibility of this mine-out as an underground crude oil storage space. Applying the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the parameters of Burgers creep model of anhydrite rock were obtained based on the uniaxial compressive creep test. Considering the results of numerical simulation, element safety factor (Esf) based on the Mohr’s strength theory was introduced and modified to quantificationally evaluate the long-term stability of cavern group. Combining field monitoring, the long-term deformation behaviour of the mine-out was analysed. The results show that the mine-out has good long-term stability and non-deformability. After 100 years of natural deformation, the vertical convergence deformation of the cavern is less than 500 mm, while lateral convergence deformation is less than 450 mm. The ground settlement is not more than 234 mm. The maximum loss rate of the space volume is no more than 5.38%, which is 4.75% under the condition of crude oil storage with 1.0 MPa internal pressure. Therefore, the mine-out has the potential to serve as an underground crude oil storage space.
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Abbreviations
- \(\varphi\) :
-
Objective function of the fitness value
- T :
-
Test time in the whole creep test
- \(N_{t}\) :
-
Grade number of loads at time t, positive integers greater than or equal to 1
- \(t_{n}\) :
-
Beginning time of the nth level load, defined as the beginning time of the first-grade load, which is 0
- \(\varepsilon_{{n\left( {t - t_{n} } \right)}} \left( {X,\Delta \sigma } \right)\) :
-
Strain theoretical value at time t of the nth level load, X is the set of model parameters, varying according to the chosen creep model, and \(t - t_{n}\) is the lasting time of nth level load
- \(\varepsilon_{{{\text{e}}t}}\) :
-
Strain experimental data at time t
- \(\Delta \sigma\) :
-
Stress increment
- \(\sigma_{0}\) :
-
Stress
- \(\sigma_{1} , \sigma_{2} , \sigma_{3}\) :
-
First, second and third principal stress, respectively
- \(G_{1} , G_{2}\) :
-
Shear modulus of Burgers model
- \(\eta_{1} , \eta_{2}\) :
-
Viscosity coefficient of Burgers model
- K :
-
Bulk modulus of rock
- G :
-
Shear modulus of rock
- E :
-
Young’s modulus of rock
- \(\mu\) :
-
Poisson’s ratio
- \(E_{\text{fos}}\) :
-
Element safety factor, which is defined in this paper
- \(\sigma_{\text{s}}\) :
-
Material strength in Mohr’s strength theory
- \(\sigma_{\text{tRM}}\) :
-
Tensile strength of surrounding rock
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 41972300, 41572301 and 40902086), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (no. 2652018108) and the program of China Scholarships Council.
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Wang, H., Zhang, B., Yu, X. et al. Long-Term Stability and Deformation Behaviour of Anhydrite Mine-Out for Crude Oil Storage. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53, 1719–1735 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-02003-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-02003-3