Abstract
To investigate the mesodamage evolution of rock specimens containing a pre-existing opening under integrated static and dynamic loading, the nuclear magnetic resonance technique was utilised in this study. The changes in the transverse surface relaxation time (T2) distribution, peak area, and porosity of the specimens prior to and due to varying pre-stresses under an identical dynamic loading were systematically analysed. The experimental results show that as the pre-stress level increased the size and the amount of the pores, the peak area and the porosity increase, indicating that more damage is induced under a high pre-stress. Under identical loading conditions, the specimens having 30° and 60° square openings are more susceptible to damage than those having a 0° square opening. However, compared with the specimens containing a circular opening, the specimens with a square opening are more seriously damaged. The hoop stress concentration surrounding the opening induced by the pre-stress and subsequent dynamic loading was further demonstrated. The result indicates that the initiation of rock fracture occurs in the maximum hoop stress concentration area.
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Abbreviations
- a :
-
Radius of opening
- B 0 :
-
Static magnetic field
- B 1 :
-
External electromagnetic field
- M :
-
Magnetic moment
- p :
-
Horizontal stress
- r :
-
Distance to the opening centre
- S :
-
Surface area of pores
- T 2 :
-
Total transverse relaxation time
- T 2B :
-
Bulk transverse relaxation time
- T 2D :
-
Diffusion transverse relaxation time
- T 2S :
-
Surface transverse relaxation time
- V :
-
Volume of pores
- θ :
-
Co-ordinate angle
- ρ 2 :
-
Transverse surface relaxivity
- σ θ :
-
Hoop stress
- \( \overline{{\sigma_{\theta } }} \) :
-
Hoop stress concentration factor
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Zhenxiang Hu for his assistance in conducting the NMR tests and Dr. Qiuhong Wu and Dr. Xiaofeng Xie for their assistance with the SHPB tests. This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0600706), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41772309, 41502283, 11472311 and 41630642).
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Weng, L., Wu, Z. & Li, X. Mesodamage Characteristics of Rock with a Pre-cut Opening Under Combined Static–Dynamic Loads: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Investigation. Rock Mech Rock Eng 51, 2339–2354 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1483-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1483-4