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Newly developed primary malignancies in long-term survivors who underwent curative esophagectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus

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Abstract

Purpose

We evaluated the efficacy of the long-term follow-up of patients who underwent radical esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to screen for recurrence and new primary malignancies.

Methods

We retrospectively collected 448 ESCC patients who underwent radical esophagectomy. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, computed tomography, a stool test and the assessment of the serum concentration of squamous cell carcinoma antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen were performed annually, even over 5 years after esophagectomy. The incidence of ESCC recurrence and new primary malignancies was investigated.

Results

We enrolled 222 patients who survived at least 5 years after esophagectomy. A total of 104 new primary malignancies occurred in 82 patients (36.9%) after esophagectomy. Twenty-one malignancies were in the head and neck region, 14 in the residual esophagus, 13 in the prostate and 11 in the gastric tube and lung. Patients who developed new primary malignancies after esophagectomy had a significantly higher Brinkman index than those without new malignancies. An endoscopic approach successfully treated 92.9% of carcinomas in the residual esophagus, 90.9% of cancers in the gastric tube and 42.9% of carcinomas in the head and neck region.

Conclusion

The incidence of new primary malignancies was higher than the age-standardized incidence. Long-term follow-up and systemic screening may increase the probability of an early diagnosis and subsequent low-invasive treatment.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Edanz Group (https://en-author-services.edanzgroup.com/) for editing a draft of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterological Surgery (Surgery II), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

    Dai Shimizu, Masahiko Koike, Mitsuro Kanda, Fuminori Sonohara, Norifumi Hattori, Masamichi Hayashi, Chie Tanaka, Suguru Yamada & Yasuhiro Kodera

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  1. Dai Shimizu
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  2. Masahiko Koike
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  3. Mitsuro Kanda
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Correspondence to Dai Shimizu.

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Shimizu, D., Koike, M., Kanda, M. et al. Newly developed primary malignancies in long-term survivors who underwent curative esophagectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Surg Today 51, 153–158 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-020-02072-w

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