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Incidence of type 1 diabetes among Polish children ages 0–14 years from 1989–2012

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Abstract

Aims

The incidence of pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Poland is intermediate relative to the rest of the world. T1DM prevalence in the region of Silesia approximates national estimates for all of Poland. This epidemiologic study aimed to analyze the changes in incidence rates of T1DM among children ages 0–14 years from 1989 to 2012 in this region.

Methods

Data collection methods for the registry followed EURODIAB criteria. To estimate overall population size, data from the Central and regional Statistical Office in Katowice were used. T1DM incidence rates/100,000 children ages 0–14 years/annum and their 95 % CI were calculated for all children and in age subgroups (0–4, 5–9, 10–14 years). For comparative analysis incidence rates were age and sex standardized to the population of Poland in 2005. For statistical analyses open source R Bioconductor software was used.

Results

During this 24-year period, 2,215 new cases (1,146 boys) were diagnosed. The standardized incidence rate rose about 7 % annually. The mean standardized incidence rates estimated in four 6-year time periods (1989–1994, 1995–2000, 2001–2006, 2007–2012) separately showed significant increases from 5.80/100,000/year (1989–1994) through 10.44/100,000/year (1995–2000) and 15.05/100,000/year (2001–2006) to 18.94/100,000/year (2007–2012). From 1989 to 2012, the greatest relative rise in annual incidence (/100,000/year) was among the very young: 2.58–14.00 (0–4 years); 4.96–19.43 (5–9 years); 8.84–22.15 (10–14 years). The highest average annual increment of the incidence rate was in the middle age subgroup (5–9 years). No significant sex difference was observed.

Conclusions

The overall incidence rate increased 3.8 times, suggesting an epidemic of pediatric T1DM in Silesia, Poland. These temporal changes confirm that Poland currently has one of the highest incidence rates of pediatric T1DM in Europe.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the team, especially Dr Eva Gyurus (University of Pecs, Hungary) who continues the EURODIAB program for the conscientiousness in collecting results gathered at the Pecs University, Hungary. We are very grateful to Dr Sanjeev Mehta (Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, USA) for his essential comments and language corrections. This study was financed by SUT BK/265/RAU1/2014/10 and MNiSW grant IP2012 007672. The analyses were done with the use of IT infrastructure of GeCONiI, POIG 02.03.01-24-099/13.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical standard

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Human and animal rights

This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Hospital No 1, 3-go Maja 13-15, Zabrze, Poland

    Agata Chobot

  2. Data Mining Group, Technical University of Silesia, Akademicka 16, Gliwice, Poland

    Joanna Polanska

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Silesia, Medykow 16, Katowice, Poland

    Grazyna Deja & Przemyslawa Jarosz-Chobot

Authors
  1. Agata Chobot
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  2. Joanna Polanska
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  3. Grazyna Deja
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  4. Przemyslawa Jarosz-Chobot
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Correspondence to Agata Chobot.

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Chobot, A., Polanska, J., Deja, G. et al. Incidence of type 1 diabetes among Polish children ages 0–14 years from 1989–2012. Acta Diabetol 52, 483–488 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-014-0682-z

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