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Conversion rates and timing to total knee arthroplasty following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a US population-based study

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European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To define the rate of subsequent TKA following ACLR in a large US cohort and to identify factors that influence the risk of later undergoing TKA after ACLR.

Methods

The California’s Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) database was queried from 2000 to 2014 to identify patients who underwent primary ACLR (ACL group). An age-and gender-matched cohort that underwent appendectomy was selected as the control group. The cumulative incidence of TKA was calculated and ten-year survival was investigated using Kaplan-Meier analysis with failure defined as conversion to arthroplasty. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the risk factors for conversion to TKA following ACLR.

Results

A total of 100,580 ACLR patients (mean age 34.48 years, 66.1%male) were matched to 100,545 patients from the general population. The ACL cohort had 1374 knee arthroplasty events; conversion rate was 0.71% at 2-year follow-up, 2.04% at 5-year follow-up, and 4.86% at 10-year follow-up. This conversion rate was higher than that of the control group at all time points, with an odds ratio of 3.44 (p<0.001) at 10-year follow-up. Decreasing survivorship following ACLR was observed with increasing age, female gender, and worker’s compensation insurance, while increased survivorship was found in patients of Hispanic and Asian Pacific Islander racial heritage and those who underwent concomitant meniscal repair.

Conclusions

In this US statewide study, the rate of TKA after ACLR is higher than reported elsewhere, with significantly increased odds when compared to a control group. Age, gender, concomitant knee procedures and other socioeconomic factors influence the rate of conversion to TKA following ACLR.

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Acknowledgement

Authors would like to acknowledge. The Cappo Family Research Fund.

Funding

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USA, USC Epstein, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Jacob Bobman, Cory K. Mayfield, Ioanna K. Bolia, Hyunwoo P. Kang, Aaron Gipsman, George F. Rick Hatch, Nathanael Heckmann & Alexander E. Weber

  2. Beaumont Orthopaedic Associates, Taylor, MI, USA

    Betina B. Hinckel

Authors
  1. Jacob Bobman
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  2. Cory K. Mayfield
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  3. Ioanna K. Bolia
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  4. Hyunwoo P. Kang
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  5. Betina B. Hinckel
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  6. Aaron Gipsman
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  7. George F. Rick Hatch
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  8. Nathanael Heckmann
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  9. Alexander E. Weber
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alexander E. Weber.

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All authors declare they have no financial or non-financial interest.

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No ethics committee review was required due to the utilization of anonymous patient data from a publicly available national database.

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Bobman, J., Mayfield, C.K., Bolia, I.K. et al. Conversion rates and timing to total knee arthroplasty following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a US population-based study. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 32, 353–362 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-021-02966-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00590-021-02966-6

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