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Impact of spinal alignment and stiffness on impingement after total hip arthroplasty: a radiographic study of pre- and post-operative spinopelvic alignment

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Abstract

Purpose

Recent studies have revealed the impact of spinopelvic factors on the risk of dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study examined the risk factors of impingement that can lead to dislocation using pre- and postoperative spinopelvic radiographs.

Methods

We studied 143 consecutive patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis who were eligible for THA at our institute. Pre-operative pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA) in the standing and sitting position, and centre-edge angle (CE) were measured. The post-operative SS, LL, SVA, femoral shaft angle, and radiographic alignment of the acetabular component were also measured. We performed a multiple linear regression analysis to determine the risk factors for anterior and posterior impingement using pre-operative demographic and radiographic parameters. The clearance of anterior and posterior implant impingement was used for the surrogate-dependent variable for dislocation.

Results

A total of 95 patients were included in the analysis. There were significant differences in SS, LL, and SVA between the standing and sitting positions (P < 0.001). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that the PI–LL, LL changes, and CE were associated with the posterior impingement (β = − 0.21, 0.24, and −0.27, respectively). Moreover, PI–LL was also associated with the anterior impingement in the sitting position (β = − 0.27).

Conclusion

Our results suggest that a flatback with a rigid spine leads to posterior impingement, and a well-balanced spine leads to anterior impingement, which can be a potential risk factor for dislocation.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19K18487.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

    Shigeo Hagiwara, Sumihisa Orita, Junichi Nakamura, Kazuhide Inage, Yawara Eguchi & Seiji Ohtori

  2. Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan

    Yohei Kawasaki & Yuki Shiko

Authors
  1. Shigeo Hagiwara
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  2. Sumihisa Orita
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  3. Junichi Nakamura
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  4. Kazuhide Inage
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  5. Yohei Kawasaki
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  6. Yuki Shiko
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  7. Yawara Eguchi
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  8. Seiji Ohtori
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by SH, JN, KI, and SO. The first draught of the manuscript was written by SH, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shigeo Hagiwara.

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Hagiwara, S., Orita, S., Nakamura, J. et al. Impact of spinal alignment and stiffness on impingement after total hip arthroplasty: a radiographic study of pre- and post-operative spinopelvic alignment. Eur Spine J 30, 2443–2449 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-020-06589-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-020-06589-z

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