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Predictive factors for brace treatment outcome in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a best-evidence synthesis

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate predictive factors for brace treatment outcome in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by a systematic review of the literature.

Methods

Eligible studies evaluating one or more predictive factors for brace treatment outcome were included following a systematic search in PubMed and EMBASE on October 23, 2017. Inclusion criteria were: (1) subjects diagnosed with AIS, (2) age ≤ 18 years, (3) treated with a thoraco-lumbo-sacral orthosis (TLSO), and (4) evaluated one or more predictive factors of treatment outcome (failure and/or success). The methodological quality of included studies was independently assessed by two authors. Pooling was not possible due to heterogeneity in statistical analysis. Predictive factors were presented according to a best-evidence synthesis.

Results

The literature search identified 26 studies that met the inclusion criteria, and multiple types of TLSO braces were identified (Boston, Wilmington, Chêneau, Osaka Medical College, Dresdner Scoliosis Orthosis and SPoRT). A total of 19 radiographic and 8 clinical predictive factors were reported. Strong evidence was found that lack of initial in-brace correction is associated with treatment failure. Moderate evidence suggests that brace wear time is associated with failure and success, whereas initial curve magnitude and curve type are not.

Conclusion

The results of this review suggest that lack of initial in-brace correction is strongly associated with brace treatment failure. Future studies on the threshold for minimal immediate in-brace correction, as a potential indication for brace treatment, are recommended.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Manon van den Bogaart, Barend J. van Royen, Tsjitske M. Haanstra & Sayf S. A. Faraj

  2. Department of Orthopedics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Marinus de Kleuver

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  1. Manon van den Bogaart
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  2. Barend J. van Royen
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  5. Sayf S. A. Faraj
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Correspondence to Barend J. van Royen.

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van den Bogaart, M., van Royen, B.J., Haanstra, T.M. et al. Predictive factors for brace treatment outcome in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a best-evidence synthesis. Eur Spine J 28, 511–525 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-05870-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-05870-6

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