Abstract
The study focuses on two breeds of dog namely Labrador retriever and German shepherd to investigate the different haematological parameters. Blood samples were collected from these two breeds of dog, and haematological parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb), total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) were investigated. Though literatures on haematological profiling of dogs are in record, a comparative study between two breeds namely Labrador retriever and German has not been explained adequately. So, this study was undertaken to establish a comparative analysis of haematological parameters of two breeds of dog. Sex-wise variations in the haematological values as well as a significant correlation between different parameters have been reported in these two breeds of dog.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abella NHG, Geffré A, Deshuillers PL (2014) Changes in hematology measurements in healthy and diseased dog blood stored at room temperature for 24 and 48 hours using the XT-2000iV analyzer. Vet Clin Pathol 43:24–35
Adaszek L, Winiarczyk S, Skrypezak M (2009) The clinical course of babesiosis in 76 dogs infected with protozoan parasites Babesia canis canis. Pol J Vet Sci 2(12):81–87
Afolabi KD, Akinsoyinu AO, Olajide R, Akinleye SB (2010) Haematological parameters of the Nigerian local grower chickens fed varying dietary levels of palm kernel cake. Res Vet Sci 12:247
Archer RK, Jeffcott LB (1977) Comparative clinical haematology. Blackwell Scientific Publishers, London, p 737
Ariyibi AA, Oyeyemi MO, Jadi RA (2000) A comparative study of some hematology and biochemical parameters of clinically healthy alsatian and local dogs. SAfr J Biomed Res 5:145–147
Armstrong LE (2007) Assessing hydration status: the elusive gold standard. J Am Coll Nutr 26(sup 5):575S–584S
Awah A, Nottidge HO (1998) Serum biochemical parameters in clinically healthy dogs in Ibadan. TropVet 16:123–129
Bain BJ, Lewis SM, Bates I (2006) Basic haematological techniques. In: LewisSM BBJ, Bates I (eds) Dacie and Lewis practical haematology, 10th edn. Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp 26–54
Bunn HF (2011) Approach to the anaemias. In: Goldman L, Schaffer AI (eds) Cecil medicine, 24th edn. Elsevier, Philadelphia, p 161
Burton M, Burton R (1990) The Marshall Cavendish International wildlife Encyclopedia. Vol 7(CRO-EGR). Marshall Cavendish Cooperation, New York, pp 780–785 (Dogs breeds chart)
Campbell TW (2015) Exotic animal haematology and cytology, 4th edn. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, Oxford, pp 97–111
Cnaani A, Tinman S, Avidar Y, Ron M, Hulata G (2004) Comparative study of biochemical parameters in response to stress in O. aureus, O. mossambicus and two strains of O. niloticus. Aquac Res 35:1434–1440
Coles EH (1980) Veterinary clinical pathology. W.B. Saunders, London, pp 156–193
Davis H, Jensen T, Johnson A, Knowles P, Meyer R, Rucinsky R, Shafford H (2013) AAHA/AAFP fluid therapy guidelines for dogs and cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 49:149–159
Esievo KAN (2017) Veterinary clinical pathology, 1st edn. Spectrum Books, Ibadan, pp 143–144
Gulliver G (1875) Observations on the sizes and shapes of the red corpuscles of the blood of vertebrates, with drawings of them to a uniform scale, and extended and revised tables of measurements. Proc Zool Soc Lond 1875:474–495
Harper EJ, Hackett RM, Wilkinson J, Heaton PR (2003) Age-related variations in hematologic and plasma biochemical test results in Beagles and Labrador Retrievers. J Am Vet Med Assoc 223:1436–1442
Jackson SR, Carter JM (1993) Platelet volume: laboratory measurement and clinical application. Blood Rev 7:104–113
Jain NC (1986) The platelets: structural, biochemical and functional aspects. In: Schalm’s veterinary hematology, 4th edn. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, pp 1–4
Kelenyi G, Nemeth A (1969) Comparative histochemistry and electron microscopy of the eosinophil leukocytes of vertebrates. I. A study of avian, reptile, amphibian and fish leukocytes. Acta Biol Acad Sci Hung 20:405–422
Lassen ED, Weisner G (2007) Tecnologia Laboratorial em Medicina Veterinária. In: Thrall MA (ed) Hematology and veterinary clinical biochemistry. São Paulo, Editora Roca, pp 3–36
Luskova V, Svoboda M, Kolářová J (2002) Effect of diazinon on blood plasma biochemistry in carp (Cyprinus carpio). Acta Vet Brno 71(1):117
Mcinroy RA (1953) A micro-haematocrit for determining the packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration on capillary blood. J Clin Pathol 7:32–36
Moreno A, Menke D (2002) Assessment of platelet numbers and morphology in the peripheral blood smear. Clin Lab Med 22:193–213
Norman B (2009) Diagnostic hematology, 1st edn, British library, pp 35
Norman EJ, Barron RC, Nash AS (2001) Prevalence of low automated platelet counts in cats: comparison with prevalence of thrombocytopenia based on blood smear estimation. Vet Clin Pathol 30:137–140
Prins MW, Van Leeuwen MW, Teske E (2009) Stability and reproducibility of ADVIA 120-measured red blood cell and platelet parameters in dogs, cats, and horses, and the use of reticulocyte haemoglobin content (CHr) in the diagnosis of iron deficiency. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd 134:272–278
Schäfers A, Meierhans S, Sauter-Louis C (2013) Reference values for haematological and clinical-chemical parameters in the dog. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K 41(3):163–172
Shadia AO (2009) Normal values of some serochemical parameters in male and female German Shepherds dogs in Sudan. Assiut Vet Med 55(120):110–115
Smith JR, Smith KF, Brainard BM (2014) Platelet parameters from an automated hematology analyzer in dogs with inflammatory clinical diseases. Vet J 201:406–411
Soetan T (1994) Effect of excess carbon dioxide on blood cells of canine. Cambridge University Press, London, p 882
Stokol T, Erb HN (2007) A comparison of platelet parameters in EDTA and citrate anticoagulated blood in dogs. Vet Clin Pathol 36:148–154
Swanson KS, Kuzmuk KN, Schook LB, Fahey JR (2004) Diet affects nutrient digestibility, hematology, and serum chemistry of senior and weanling dogs. J Anim Sci 2:1713–1724
Wamberg S, Sandgaard NC, Bie P (2002) Simultaneous determination of total body water and plasma volume in conscious dogs by the indicator dilution principle. J Nutr 132:1711–1713
Yilmaz Z, Eralp O, Ilcol YO (2008) Evaluation of platelet count and its association with plateletcrit, mean platelet volume, and platelet size distribution width in a canine model of endotoxemia. Vet Clin Pathol 37:159–163
Zelmanovic D, Hetherington EJ (1998) Automated analysis of feline platelets in whole blood, including platelet count, mean platelet volume and activation state. Vet Clin Pathol 27:2–9
Acknowledgements
The authors owe their thanks to the Head, PG Department of Zoology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar 751 004, Odisha, India for providing the laboratory facilities to conduct this study. Indebtedness is due to Professor Indramani Nath of College of Veterinary Science, OUAT, for identifying the specimen and veterinary officer and the attendant of Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, for providing blood samples of the dogs. The owners of the dogs are greatly acknowledged since they were willing to provide the blood samples at the veterinary hospital.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
This investigation followed all the guidelines for the care and use of animals.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mohapatra, D., Mohanty, P.K., Puspamitra, S. et al. Comparative haematology of two breeds of dog: Labrador retriever and German shepherd. Comp Clin Pathol 29, 1237–1242 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-020-03177-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-020-03177-x