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Ameliorative effects of alpha-lipoic acid and imidocarb dipropionate on clinico-haematological changes induced by experimental Babesia canis vogeli infection in dogs

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of imidocarb dipropionate and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on clinico-haematological parameters of dogs inoculated with Babesia canis vogeli. Twenty-one dogs were divided into uninfected untreated (n = 4), infected untreated (n = 6), infected and treated with imidocarb dipropionate (6 mg/kg subcutaneously) alone (n = 3), infected and treated with ALA (15 mg/kg orally) alone (n = 5), and infected and treated with both imidocarb dipropionate and ALA (n = 3). Molecularly identified Babesia canis vogeli was experimentally inoculated into the infected groups, and treatment commenced at day 12 post-inoculation (PI). Behavioural events and blood samples were obtained and analysed before inoculation, at days 11 PI, 8, 15, and 43 post-treatment (PT). Behavioural events including vocalisation, licking/grooming, and tail wagging decreased post-inoculation. Treatments with imidocarb and ALA alleviated the clinical manifestations of dry muzzle, ocular discharge, and splenomegaly. At days 15 and 43 PT, imidocarb + ALA recorded the highest packed cell volume (41.13 ± 2.96%; 47.40 ± 3.72%) and erythrocyte count (6.10 ± 0.44 × 1012/L; 6.99 ± 0.56 × 1012/L) compared to other infected groups. The haemoglobin concentration at day 15 PT (13.80 ± 0.91 g/dL) increased in the imidocarb + ALA group. Thrombocytopenia was recorded in all the infected groups at day 11 PI. In conclusion, co-administration of imidocarb with ALA acted synergistically and also ameliorated the clinico-haematological changes in experimental canine babesiosis, and the agent may be a promising and potent drug in the management of canine babesiosis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to appreciate the Tertiary Education Trust (TET) fund Nigeria for the grant, the technical staff of Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, for their expertise. We also thank Dr. Kenji Hikosaka of the Department of Infection and Host Defence, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan for helping out with the molecular aspect of the study.

Funding

Dr. Ajoke Modupeoluwa Ehimiyein received grant from Tertiary Education Trust (TET) fund, Nigeria, to carry out this research.

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  1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

    Ajoke Modupeoluwa Ehimiyein & Shehu Usman Abdullahi

  2. Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

    Joseph Olusegun Ayo

  3. Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

    Oluyinka Oluseyi Okubanjo

  4. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

    Emmanuel Oludare Balogun

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  1. Ajoke Modupeoluwa Ehimiyein
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The study was approved by the Animal Use and Welfare Committee of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, with approval number of ABUCAUC/2016/009, and conducted in accordance with international, national and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animal.

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Ehimiyein, A.M., Abdullahi, S.U., Ayo, J.O. et al. Ameliorative effects of alpha-lipoic acid and imidocarb dipropionate on clinico-haematological changes induced by experimental Babesia canis vogeli infection in dogs. Comp Clin Pathol 28, 1119–1135 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-019-02946-7

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