Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Comparison of feline serum amyloid A (SAA) measurements assessed by a point-of-care test analyzer to a validated immunoturbidimetric method

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Comparative Clinical Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is one of the most important acute phase proteins in cats and increases rapidly and significantly after an inflammatory stimulus. The objective of this study was to compare measurements of SAA concentration in feline blood specimens using the point-of-care Eurolyser Solo Analyzer (SOLO) with results of a validated immunoturbidimetric test. This prospective study was conducted between March 2014 and June 2015 at a university teaching hospital. Blood specimens were collected from a total of 61 cats including 45 client-owned cats with inflammatory diseases presenting to the emergency and critical care service and 16 client-owned healthy cats. Before SAA measurement, the blood was centrifuged and stored at − 80 °C (− 112 °F). The Eiken assay immunoturbidimetric method (EKITM) which uses latex sensitized anti-human SAA antibodies served as reference SAA test. Serum amyloid A measurements with the EKITM were performed in a reference laboratory. Serum amyloid A measurements with the SOLO were performed in an emergency laboratory. Thirty-six and 18 results were out of the analytical range with the EKITM and the SOLO, respectively. The correlation between the two methods was high (r = 0.87) and there was an intense mostly proportional bias, with results being approximately 2 times lower with the SOLO than the reference test. This study showed that the SOLO reliably and rapidly measures SAA in feline blood specimens; however, a “de novo” reference interval should be determined for proper interpretation of the results.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Solo, Eurolyser Diagnostica GmbH, Salzburg, Austria

  2. Eiken assay LZ test SAA, Eiken Chemical Co, Tokyo, Japan, lot n°46,007

  3. Venosafe® 3 mL, Terumo, Europe N.V, Leuven, Belgium

  4. SIGMA 3 K10® Laborzentrifugen, Bioblock Scientific

  5. VT 1700 SAA Control, Solo, Eurolyser Diagnostica GmbH, Austria - mean and range of acceptability: 101 mg / L and 66–136 mg / L respectively

  6. Abbott Architect c4000, Abbott Park Road, Libertyville Township, IL, USA

  7. Analyse-It, Leeds, UK

References

  • Brady CA, Otto CM, Van Winkle TJ, King LG (2000) Severe sepsis in cats: 29 cases (1986-1998). J Am Vet Med Assoc 217:531–535

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carey RN, Anderson FP, George H et al. (2005) User verification of performance for precision and trueness; approved guideline, 2nd edn. NCCLS Document EP15-A2, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, p 1–49

  • Ceron JJ, Eckersall PD, Martynez-Subiela S (2005) Acute phase proteins in dogs and cats: current knowledge and future perspectives. Vet Clin Pathol 34:85–99

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ceron JJ (2008) A seven-point plan for acute phase protein interpretation in companion animals. Vet J 177:6–7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen M, Jacobsen S, Ichiyanagi T, Kjelgaard-Hansen M (2012) Evaluation of an automated assay based on monoclonal anti-human serum amyloid A (SAA) antibodies for measurement of canine, feline, and equine SAA. Vet J 194:332–337

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friedrichs KR, Harr KE, Freeman KP et al (2012) ASVCP reference interval guidelines: determination of de novo reference intervals in veterinary species and other related topics. Vet Clin Pathol 41:441–453

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geffre A, Friedrichs K, Harr K et al (2009) Reference values: a review. Vet Clin Pathol 38:288–298

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen AE, Schaap MK, Kjelgaard-Hansen M (2006) Evaluation of a commercially available human serum amyloid A (SAA) turbidimetric immunoassay for determination of feline SAA concentration. Vet Res Commun 30:863–872

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harr KE, Flatland B, Nabity M et al (2013) ASVCP guidelines: allowable total error guidelines for biochemistry. Vet Clin Pathol 42:424–436

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Horowitz GL, Altaie S, Boyd JC et al (2008) Defining, establishing, and verifying reference intervals in the clinical laboratory; approved guideline, 3rd edn. CLSI Document C28-A3, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne

  • Jensen AL, Kjelgaard-Hansen M (2006) Method comparison in the clinical laboratory. Vet Clin Pathol 35:276–286

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kajikawa T, Furuta A, Onishi T, Sugii S (1996) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of feline serum amyloid A protein by use of immunological cross-reactivity of polyclonal anti-canine serum amyloid A protein antibody. J Vet Med Sci 58:1141–1143

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kajikawa T, Furuta A, Onishi T et al (1999) Changes in concentrations of serum amyloid A protein, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin, and C-reactive protein in feline sera due to induced inflammation and surgery. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 68:91–98

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kann RKC, Seddon JM, Henning J et al (2012) Acute phase proteins in healthy and sick cats. Res Vet Sci 93:649–654

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruthrauff CM, Smith J, Glerum L (2009) Primary bacterial septic peritonitis in cats: 13 cases. J Am Vet Med Assoc 45:268–276

    Google Scholar 

  • Sasaki K, Ma Z, Khatlani TS et al (2003) Evaluation of feline serum amyloid A (SAA) as an inflammatory marker. J Vet Med Sci 65:545–548

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Segev G, Klement E, Aroch I (2006) Toxic neutrophils in cats: clinical and clinicopathologic features, and disease prevalence and outcome—a retrospective case control study. J Vet Intern Med 20:20–31

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sergeeff JS, Armstrong PJ, Bunch SE (2004) Hepatic abscesses in cats: 14 cases (1985-2002). J Vet Intern Med 18:295–300

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Solter PF, Hoffmann WE, Hungerford LL et al (1991) Haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin as determinants of inflammation in dogs. Am J Vet Res 52:1738–1742

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tamamoto T, Ohno K, Takahashi M et al (2013) Serum amyloid A as a prognostic marker in cats with various diseases. J Vet Diagn Investig 25:428–432

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. Anna Hillström, DVM, PhD, DECVCP, for her help in original data collection and in the preparation of the present manuscript.

Funding

Solo, Eurolyser Diagnostica GmbH, Salzburg, Austria, and reagents were provided by Scil Vet, France.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Sciences, Emergency and Critical Care Service, UPS, INP, ENVT, University of Toulouse, 31076, Toulouse, France

    Elodie Gaillard & Marcel Aumann

  2. Central Laboratory of Medical Biology, UMS 006 / CREFRE, INSERM, UPS, INP, ENVT, University of Toulouse, 31076, Toulouse, France

    Vincent Leynaud, Jean-Pierre Braun & Catherine Trumel

Authors
  1. Elodie Gaillard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Marcel Aumann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Vincent Leynaud
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Jean-Pierre Braun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Catherine Trumel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elodie Gaillard.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gaillard, E., Aumann, M., Leynaud, V. et al. Comparison of feline serum amyloid A (SAA) measurements assessed by a point-of-care test analyzer to a validated immunoturbidimetric method. Comp Clin Pathol 27, 321–325 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-017-2593-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-017-2593-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation