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Effects of various inlet/outlet positions and header forms on flow distribution and thermal performance in microchannel heat sink

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Abstract

Three-dimensional simulations are performed numerically to investigate the influence of inlet/outlet positions (Z-, I-, and C-type) and header forms (rectangular, symmetric trapezoidal, and triangular) on the flow and thermal performance in microchannel heat sinks. The conjugated heat transfer model is solved based on finite element method. A good agreement is found between the numerical results and theoretical data. A detailed analysis of flow and pressure distributions is proposed to explain the flow or heat transfer performance of different geometric structures. Results indicate that the performance of I-type with a rectangular header in terms of flow velocity uniformity and heat transfer is better than others under the same pumping power consumption.

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Abbreviations

c p :

Special heat capacity kJ/(kg K)

f app :

Friction factor

k f :

Thermal conductivity of fluid W/(m K)

k s :

Thermal conductivity of solid W/(m K)

Nu :

Nusselt number

\(\Delta {\text{p}}\) :

Pressure drop Pa

Pr :

Prandtl number

q in :

Mass flow rate kg/min

q w :

Heat flux W/m2

Re :

Reynolds number

R T :

Thermal resistance K/W

T :

Temperature °C

ρ:

Density kg/m3

μ:

Dynamic viscosity kg/(m s)

Ω:

Pumping power W

V :

Velocity m/s

V q :

Volume flow rate m3/s Subscript

ave :

Average

in :

Inlet

max :

Maximum

min :

Minimum

out :

Outlet

STD :

Standard deviation

s :

Solid

f :

Fluid

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Acknowledgements

The project was financially supported by the Scientific Research Project of Beijing Educational Committee (Grant no. 004000546315527) and Scientific Research Project of Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Internet Technology. The authors are grateful for the support of these sponsors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China

    Sheng Tang, Yaohua Zhao, Yanhua Diao & Zhenhua Quan

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  1. Sheng Tang
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  2. Yaohua Zhao
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  3. Yanhua Diao
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  4. Zhenhua Quan
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Correspondence to Sheng Tang.

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Tang, S., Zhao, Y., Diao, Y. et al. Effects of various inlet/outlet positions and header forms on flow distribution and thermal performance in microchannel heat sink. Microsyst Technol 24, 2485–2497 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-017-3688-y

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