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Trends in the prevalence and risk factors for peripherally inserted central catheter-related complications in cancer patients from 2016 to 2022: a multicenter study

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Abstract

Purpose

To identify the trends in the prevalence of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) related complications in cancer patients and explore the risk factors for complications and occurrence speed.

Methods

A total of 3573 cancer patients with PICC were recruited at 17 hospitals from 2016 to 2022. Logistic and COX regression were performed to identify influencing factors of PICC-related complications and incidence speed, respectively.

Results

The proportion of symptomatic PICC-related thrombosis, phlebitis, and infections reported had decreased from 59.1% (in 2017), 11.9% (in 2016), and 11.1% (in 2016) to 15.3% (in 2022), 2.9% (in 2022), and 7.4% (in 2022), and adhesive-related skin injuries and bleeding/oozing reported had increased from 4.8% (in 2016) and 0.0% (in 2016) to 45.5% (in 2022) and 3.4% (in 2022), respectively. Catheter occlusion showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing from 2.4 (in 2016) to 12.0 (in 2020) to 5.8% (in 2022). Logistic regression showed that hospital level, nature, the patient’s gender, age, diagnosis, history of deep vein catheterization, chemotherapy drug administration, and type of PICC were influencing factors of complications. COX regression showed that the patient’s gender, age, diagnosis, history of deep vein thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, history of deep vein catheterization, chemotherapy drug administration, type of PICC, type of connector, and StatLock used for fixation were influencing factors of incidence speed.

Conclusion

The composition ratios of PICC-related complications in cancer patients in China have changed in recent years. Chemotherapy drug administration was a significant risk factor accelerating the occurrence of complications. Maintenance factors had the maximum weight on the COX model, followed by patient factors. It is suggested that patients with high-risk factors be closely monitored and proper maintenance be performed to prevent and delay the occurrence of PICC-related complications.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This research received CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS) (grant number 2021-I2M-C&T-B-095).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nursing, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Dahua Road, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Shengxiao Nie & Lei Wang

  2. School of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 9 Dong Dan San Tiao, 100144, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Shengmiao Ma

  3. Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Dahua Road, Dongcheng District, 100730, Beijing, People’s Republic of China

    Hong Sun

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  1. Shengxiao Nie
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  4. Hong Sun
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Contributions

Study conception and design: Hong SUN and Shengxiao NIE. Data collection: Hong SUN. Data analysis and interpretation: Shengxiao NIE. Drafting of the article: Shengxiao NIE and Shengmiao MA. Critical revision of the article: Hong SUN and Lei WANG.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hong Sun.

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Ethics approval

This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Because we retrospectively collected patients’ basic information, catheterization information, maintenance information, and nursing records and there were no intervention measures for the subjects, we applied for an exemption from informed consent before we conducted this study, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Hospital (approval number: 2021BJYYEC-334–03).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Nie, S., Wang, L., Ma, S. et al. Trends in the prevalence and risk factors for peripherally inserted central catheter-related complications in cancer patients from 2016 to 2022: a multicenter study. Support Care Cancer 32, 239 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-024-08444-z

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