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Health risk assessment on human exposed to heavy metals in the ambient air PM10 in Ahvaz, southwest Iran

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A Correction to this article was published on 05 August 2021

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Abstract

Heavy metals (HM) are one of the main components of urban air pollution. Today, megacities and industrial regions in southwest of Iran are frequently suffering from severe haze episodes, which essentially caused by PM10-bound heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health risk assessment on human exposed to heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in the ambient air PM10 in Ahvaz, southwest Iran. In this study, we estimated healthy people from the following scenarios: (S3) residential site; (S2) high-traffic site; (S1) industrial site in Ahvaz metropolitan during autumn and winter. In the current study, high-volume air samplers equipped with quartz fiber filters were used to sampling and measurements of heavy metal concentration. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) was utilized for detection of heavy metal concentration (ng m−3). Also, an estimate of the amount of health risk assessment (hazard index) of Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn of heavy metal exposure to participants was used. Result of this study showed that the residential and industrial areas had the lowest and the highest level of heavy metal. Based on the result of this study, average levels of heavy metal in industrial, high-traffic, and residential areas in autumn and winter were 31.48, 30.89, and 23.21 μg m−3 and 42.60, 37.70, and 40.07 μg m−3, respectively. Based on the result of this study, the highest and the lowest concentration of heavy metal had in the industrial and residential areas. Zn and Pb were the most abundant elements among the studied PM10-bound heavy metals, followed by Cr and Ni. The carcinogenic risks of Cr, Pb, and the integral HQ of metals in PM10 for children and adults via inhalation and dermal exposures exceeded 1 × 10−4 in three areas. Also, based on the result of this study, the values of hazard index (HI) of HM exposure in different areas were significantly higher than standard. The health risks attributed to HM should be further investigated from the perspective of the public health in metropolitans. The result of this study showed increasing exposure concentrations to heavy metal in the studied scenarios have a significant potential for generating different health endpoints, while environmental health management in ambient air can cause disorders in citizenship and causing more spiritual and material costs.

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Funding

This work was a part of a funded PhD thesis of Mohammad Javad Mohammadi, a student of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS), and the financial support of this study (U-95094) was provided by AJUMS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health AND Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Gholamreza Goudarzi, Ali Akbar Babaei & Mohammad Javad Mohammadi

  2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Nadali Alavi

  3. Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran

    Sahar Geravandi, Hamid Reza Adeli Behrooz & Farzaneh Aslanpour Alamdari

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Esmaeil Idani

  5. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

    Sina Dobaradaran

  6. Nutrition Health Research Center, Department of Environmental Health, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

    Majid Farhadi

Authors
  1. Gholamreza Goudarzi
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  2. Nadali Alavi
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  3. Sahar Geravandi
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  4. Esmaeil Idani
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  5. Hamid Reza Adeli Behrooz
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  6. Ali Akbar Babaei
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  7. Farzaneh Aslanpour Alamdari
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  8. Sina Dobaradaran
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  9. Majid Farhadi
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  10. Mohammad Javad Mohammadi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Javad Mohammadi.

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Goudarzi, G., Alavi, N., Geravandi, S. et al. Health risk assessment on human exposed to heavy metals in the ambient air PM10 in Ahvaz, southwest Iran. Int J Biometeorol 62, 1075–1083 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-018-1510-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-018-1510-x

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