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Bioaccumulation of metals in selected cultured fish species and human health risk assessment: a study in Mymensingh Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh

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Abstract

This paper aims to measure the metals (Fe, Cu, Cr, Co, As, Zn, Hg, and Pb) concentration and assesses human health risks posed by these eight metals in the five most available cultured fish species (Pangasiuspangasius, Oreochromisniloticus, Heteropneustesfossilis, Anabustestudineus, Clariasbatrachus) collected from the Mymenshing Sadar Upazila. Both fishes and three fish feeds were analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). In fish feeds, the concentrations of metals were detected in the following order Fe > Zn > Cu > Hg > Pb. Besides, Hg concentration in three feeds samples was found higher than the maximum residue limit. Fe, Cu, Cr, Co, As, Zn, Hg, and Pb concentration in fishes were 82.45 to 104.55, 24.47 to 32.88, 2.62 to 6.73, < 0.28, < 0.41, 70.01 to 96.56, 0.57 to 1.07, and 0.34 to 0.49 µg/g respectively as dry weight basis. Health Risk Index (HRI) was observed > 1 both for adults and children and maximum HRI values for Pb was found in both P. pangasius and C. batrachus fish species. Additionally, PCA explained 73% variation in data and CA comprised the similarity within sampling stations. Pearson correlation implied a strong association amongst the trace metals. Finally, the accumulation of metals tends to the massive health hazard that should be mitigated by adopting several measures on fish feeds.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the authority of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC) for providing their lab facilities and guidelines.

Funding

The study did not receive any funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography and Environment, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh

    Priyanka Ghosh & Zia Ahmed

  2. BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, 68 Shahid Tajuddin Ahmed Sharani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh

    Rafiul Alam

  3. Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Kazi Nazrul Islam Avenue, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Bilkis Ara Begum, Shirin Akter & Yeasmin Nahar Jolly

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  1. Priyanka Ghosh
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  2. Zia Ahmed
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  3. Rafiul Alam
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  4. Bilkis Ara Begum
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  5. Shirin Akter
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  6. Yeasmin Nahar Jolly
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Contributions

PG initiated and contributed to the preliminary concept of the study under the supervision of ZA and BB. Afterward, PG collected the primary data from the study area and completed the laboratory analysis according to the instruction of SA. Meanwhile, YNJ provided suggestions and guidelines. Statistical analyses were done by RA. Subsequently, RA and ZA completed the final draft and revised it critically. Finally, all the authors approved this final version.

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Correspondence to Zia Ahmed.

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Ghosh, P., Ahmed, Z., Alam, R. et al. Bioaccumulation of metals in selected cultured fish species and human health risk assessment: a study in Mymensingh Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh. Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess 35, 2287–2301 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-021-02026-9

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