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Identification and analysis of alleles in the aroma biosynthesis pathways based on Camellia sinensis ‘Jinguanyin’ haplotype-resolved genomes

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Abstract

Key message

The specifically expressed alleles of CsMCT, CsGGPPS2, CsHMGS2, CsHMGR3, CsTPS10, CsADH4, CsDAHPS, CsCM3, and CsAS2 may play critical roles in the aroma formation of Camellia sinensis 'Jinguanyin' cultivar. CsMVD, CsDXS2, CsTPS3, CsTPS9, CsTPS10, CsTPS13 and CsTPS14 play an essential role in the formation of the characteristic floral and fruit aromas of oolong tea.

Abstract

To explore the role of alleles in the aroma biosynthesis pathways of the tea plant, this study was conducted to identify and analyze the alleles of structural genes in the MVA, MEP, LOX and shikimate pathways based on Camellia sinensis ‘Jinguanyin’ haplotype-resolved genomes. The results showed that 69 pairs of alleles were identified in the four pathways, of which 24 genes showed allele-specific expression (ASE) in at least one tissue. TGY-allele and HD-allele correlations of buds, young leaves, and stems were higher in the six tissues of JGY. KEGG analysis revealed that 24 ASEGs were significantly enriched in GPI-anchor biosynthesis and monoterpenoid biosynthesis pathways. The results suggest that the specifically expressed alleles of CsMCT, CsGGPPS2, CsHMGS2, CsHMGR3, CsTPS10, CsADH4, CsDAHPS, CsCM3, and CsAS2 may play critical roles in the aroma formation of JGY cultivars. The qRT‒PCR results showed that the bias of CsTPS1, CsMVD, CsDHQS, and CsAS2 alleles was basically consistent with the expression of the parents (TGY and HD) of JGY in young leaves. In addition, qRT‒PCR was used to detect the expression of aroma-related genes during the manufacturing process of JGY and parents (TGY and HD) oolong tea. It showed that CsMVD, CsDXS2, CsTPS3, CsTPS9, CsTPS10, CsTPS13 and CsTPS14 play an essential role in the formation of the characteristic floral and fruit aromas of oolong tea.

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Data availability

The datasets analyzed in this research are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Abbreviations

JGY:

Jin Guanyin

TGY:

Tie Guanyin

HD:

Huang Dan

ASE:

Allele-specific expression

ASEG:

Allele-specific expression gene

FPKM:

Fragments per kilobase per million

FDR:

False discovery rate

GO:

Gene Ontology

KEGG:

Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes

LOX:

Lipoxygenase

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Funding

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32202550), Major Special Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation on Anxi Tea (Grant No. AX2021001) and Special Fund for Science and Technology Innovation of Fujian Zhang Tianfu Tea Development Foundation (FJZTF01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Tea Science in Universities of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Mengya Gu, Ting Gao, Mengting Xu, Yaping Hong, Yuhang Zhang, Wenqin She & Naixing Ye

  2. Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute, Shenzhen Branch, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China

    Yibin Wang, Jiaxin Yu & Pengjie Wang

  3. College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, 712100, China

    Pengjie Wang

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  1. Mengya Gu
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Correspondence to Pengjie Wang or Naixing Ye.

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Gu, M., Gao, T., Xu, M. et al. Identification and analysis of alleles in the aroma biosynthesis pathways based on Camellia sinensis ‘Jinguanyin’ haplotype-resolved genomes. Trees 37, 1627–1641 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-023-02447-9

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