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The population-based prevalence of albuminuria in children

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Abstract

Objectives

To determine the population-based prevalence of albuminuria in Australian children and validate any negative correlation with body mass index (BMI).

Methods

Data from the Australian Health Survey 2011–2013 were used. This is a large-scale survey of the health of the Australian population, conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, and uses a stratified, multistage area design with replicate weights attached to observations to allow for the derivation of accurate population estimates. We considered children aged 5–18 years, and defined albuminuria as an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) >30 mg/g (3.4 mg/mmol).

Results

A total of 975 children provided urine samples for determination of ACR. The prevalence of albuminuria was 10.2% for males (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.1–14.2) and 15.5% for females (95% CI 10.7–20.3). After adjusting for age and gender, the odds ratio for albuminuria associated with being overweight or obese was 0.34 (95% CI 0.15–0.75). This relationship also held for waist-to-height ratio, where the adjusted odds ratio for each 0.1 increase was 0.46 (95% CI 0.26–0.82).

Conclusions

Albuminuria, using a measurement suitable for population-based and clinical screening, occurs in 12.8% of school-aged Australian children, and is less common in overweight and obese children.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nephrology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Subiaco, WA, 6008, Australia

    Nicholas Larkins

  2. Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

    Nicholas Larkins, Armando Teixeira-Pinto & Jonathan Craig

  3. Centre for Kidney Research, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia

    Armando Teixeira-Pinto & Jonathan Craig

Authors
  1. Nicholas Larkins
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  2. Armando Teixeira-Pinto
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  3. Jonathan Craig
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicholas Larkins.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval was obtained from the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing Departmental Ethics Committee.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding source

Supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (APP1092957 program grant including ATP; GNT1114218 to NL).

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Larkins, N., Teixeira-Pinto, A. & Craig, J. The population-based prevalence of albuminuria in children. Pediatr Nephrol 32, 2303–2309 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-017-3764-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-017-3764-7

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