Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Per oral endoscopic tumor (POET) resection for treatment of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors

  • Endoluminal Surgery
  • Published:
Surgical Endoscopy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Endoscopic submucosal tunneling has evolved to allow endoscopic resection of subepithelial tumors of gastrointestinal tract without full-thickness perforation. This study aimed to investigate safety and efficacy of submucosal tunnel resection for these tumors.

Method

Patients with subepithelial tumors (SET) located in esophagus, gastric cardia, lesser curvature, and antrum were recruited. The size of tumor was limited to < 40 mm. The procedures were performed under general anesthesia. A mucosal entrance was created 2 cm proximal to the SET after submucosal injection. Submucosal tunnel was then extended and the tumor was dissected and mobilized with intact overlying mucosa. After complete dissection, the tumors would be retrieved per orally and mucosal entrance closed by endoclips.

Results

From June 2012 to December 2016, 51 patients with subepithelial tumors received POET. 39 patients had SET in stomach, 11 located in esophagus, and 1 in duodenum. The mean operative time was 90.46 ± 46.49 min, while the mean size of the tumors was 20.71 ± 14.05 mm. The POET was converted to endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) in three patients with gastric subepithelial tumors located at greater curvature. The overall complication rate was 4.0%, and there was no bleeding, mucosal dehiscence, or leakage. The time to resume diet was 1.7 days, while the average hospital stay was 3.2 ± 1.0 days. The mean follow-up period was 19 ± 16 months, and only 1 patient developed recurrence of leiomyoma.

Conclusion

Per oral endoscopic tumor resection is safe and effective treatment for esophageal and gastric SET located at cardia, lesser curvature, and antrum. Currently, POET for treatment of upper GI SET is limited by the size and location of the tumor.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hwang JH, Rulyak SD, Kimmey MB (2006) American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on the management of gastric subepithelial masses. Gastroenterology 130:2217–2228

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. von Mehren M, Randall RL, Benjamin RS, Boles S, Bui MM, Casper ES, Conrad EU 3rd, DeLaney TF, Ganjoo KN, George S, Gonzalez RJ, Heslin MJ, Kane JM 3rd, Mayerson J, McGarry SV, Meyer C, O’Donnell RJ, Pappo AS, Paz IB, Pfeifer JD, Riedel RF, Schuetze S, Schupak KD, Schwartz HS, Van Tine BA, Wayne JD, Bergman MA, Sundar H (2014) Gastrointestinal stromal tumors, version 2.2014. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw 12(6):853–862

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Choi SM, Kim MC, Jung GJ, Kim HH, Kwon HC, Choi SR, Jang JS, Jeong JS (2007) Laparoscopic wedge resection for gastric GIST: long-term follow-up results. Eur J Surg Oncol 33(4):444–447

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Honda M, Hiki N, Nunobe S, Ohashi M, Kiyokawa T, Sano T, Yamaguchi T (2014) Long-term and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Surg Endosc 28(8):2317–2322

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Okumura S, Kanaya S, Hosogi H, Ito T, Miura S, Okada T, Shimoike N, Akagawa S, Kawada H, Arimoto A (2017) Our experience with laparoscopic partial gastrectomy by the ‘lift-and-cut method’ for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor with maximal preservation of the remnant stomach. Surg Endosc 31(8):3398–3404

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Yu C, Liao G, Fan C, Yu J, Nie X, Yang S, Bai J (2017) Long-term outcomes of endoscopic resection of gastric GISTs. Surg Endosc. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-017-5557-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. He Z, Sun C, Zheng Z, Yu Q, Wang T, Chen X, Cao H, Liu W, Wang B (2013) Endoscopic submucosal dissection of large gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the esophagus and stomach. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 28(2):262–267

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Li QL, Yao LQ, Zhou PH, Xu MD, Chen SY, Zhong YS, Zhang YQ, Chen WF, Ma LL, Qin WZ (2012) Submucosal tumors of the esophagogastric junction originating from the muscularis propria layer: a large study of endoscopic submucosal dissection (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 75(6):1153–1158

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Inoue H, Minami H, Kobayashi Y, Sato Y, Kaga M, Suzuki M, Satodate H, Odaka N, Itoh H, Kudo S (2010) Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for esophageal achalasia. Endoscopy 42(4):265–271

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Chiu PW, Wu JC, Teoh AY, Chan Y, Wong SK, Liu SY, Yung MY, Lam CC, Sung JJ, Chan FK, Lau JY, Ng EK (2013) Peroral endoscopic myotomy for treatment of achalasia: from bench to bedside (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 77(1):29–38

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ng JJ, Chiu PW, Shabbir A, So JB (2015) Removal of a large, 40-mm, submucosal leiomyoma using submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection and extraction of specimen using a distal mucosal incision. Endoscopy 47(Suppl 1):E232–E233

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. American Gastroenterological Association Institute (2006) American Gastroenterological Association Institute medical position statement on the management of gastric subepithelial masses. Gastroenterology 130(7):2215–2216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Koo DH, Ryu MH, Kim KM, Yang HK, Sawaki A, Hirota S, Zheng J, Zhang B, Tzen CY, Yeh CN, Nishida T, Shen L, Chen LT, Kang YK (2016) Asian consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Cancer Res Treat 48(4):1155–1166

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Demetri GD, von Mehren M, Antonescu CR, DeMatteo RP, Ganjoo KN, Maki RG, Pisters PW, Raut CP, Riedel RF, Schuetze S, Sundar HM, Trent JC, Wayne JD (2010) NCCN Task Force report: update on the management of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Natl Compr Cancer Netw 8(Suppl 2):S1–S41 (quiz S42–S44)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Kim KH, Kim MC, Jung GJ, Kim SJ, Jang JS, Kwon HC (2012) Long term survival results for gastric GIST: is laparoscopic surgery for large gastric GIST feasible? World J Surg Oncol 10:230

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Coccolini F, Catena F, Ansaloni L, Lazzareschi D, Pinna AD (2010) Esophagogastric junction gastrointestinal stromal tumor: resection vs enucleation. World J Gastroenterol 16:4374–4376

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Correa-Cote J, Morales-Uribe C, Sanabria A (2014) Laparoscopic management of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J Gastrointest Endosc 6(7):296–303

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. von Rahden BHA, Stein HJ, Feussner H, Siewert JR (2004) Enucleation of submucosal tumors of the esophagus: minimally invasive versus open approach. Surg Endosc 18:924–930

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Chiu PW, Inoue H, Rösch T (2016) From POEM to POET: applications and perspectives for submucosal tunnel endoscopy. Endoscopy 48(12):1134–1142

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Liu BR, Song JT, Qu B et al (2012) Endoscopic muscularis dissection for upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors originating from the muscularis propria. Surg Endosc 26:3141–3148

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. He Z, Sun C, Wang J et al (2013) Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection in treating gastric subepithelial tumors originating in the muscularis propria layer: a single-center study of 144 cases. Scand J Gastroenterol 48:1466–1473

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Inoue H, Ikeda H, Hosoya T, Onimaru M, Yoshida A, Eleftheriadis N, Maselli R, Kudo S (2012) Submucosal endoscopic tumor resection for subepithelial tumors in the esophagus and cardia. Endoscopy 44(3):225–230

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Xu MD, Cai MY, Zhou PH, Qin XY, Zhong YS, Chen WF, Hu JW, Zhang YQ, Ma LL, Qin WZ, Yao LQ (2012) Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection: a new technique for treating upper GI submucosal tumors originating from the muscularis propria layer (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc 75(1):195–199

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Chiu PW, Chan FK, Lau JY (2015) Endoscopic suturing for ulcer exclusion in patients with massively bleeding large gastric ulcer. Gastroenterology 149(1):29–30

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Zhang Q, Cai JQ, Xiang L, Wang Z, de Liu S, Bai Y (2017) Modified submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection for submucosal tumors in the esophagus and gastric fundus near the cardia. Endoscopy 49(8):784–791

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Upper GI and Metabolic Surgery, Department of Surgery and State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R., The People’s Republic of China

    Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Hon Chi Yip, Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh, Vivien Wai Yin Wong, Shannon Melissa Chan, Simon Kin Hung Wong & Enders Kwok Wai Ng

Authors
  1. Philip Wai Yan Chiu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hon Chi Yip
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Vivien Wai Yin Wong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Shannon Melissa Chan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Simon Kin Hung Wong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Enders Kwok Wai Ng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Philip Wai Yan Chiu.

Ethics declarations

Disclosures

Philip Wai Yan Chiu, Hon Chi Yip, Anthony Yuen Bun Teoh, Vivien Wai Yin Wong, Shannon Melissa Chan, Simon Kin Hung Wong, and Enders Kwok Wai Ng have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (WMV 43755 KB)

Supplementary material 2 (WMV 195413 KB)

Supplementary material 3 (WMV 110928 KB)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chiu, P.W.Y., Yip, H.C., Teoh, A.Y.B. et al. Per oral endoscopic tumor (POET) resection for treatment of upper gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors. Surg Endosc 33, 1326–1333 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-06627-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-06627-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation