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Congruence of intraspecific variability in leaf traits for two co-occurring estuarine angiosperms

  • Physiological ecology - original research
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Abstract

Studies seeking to identify sources of variability and trade-offs in leaf traits have done so by assembling large databases of traits, across species and time points. It is unclear to what extent interspecific patterns derived in such a manner apply to intraspecific variation, particularly at regional scales, and the extent to which interspecific patterns vary temporally. We tested the hypothesis that the leaf traits of two foundation species, the mangrove Avicennia marina and the eelgrass Zostera muelleri, would display similar patterns of intraspecific variability across gradients of latitude and estuarine condition, that match previously reported interspecific patterns, and that persist through time. We found intraspecific patterns of decreasing carbon to nitrogen ratio and mechanical elasticity, and increasing nitrogen content with latitude that were consistent between the two plant species, and with previously reported interspecific patterns for other groups of species. Specific leaf area, leaf toughness and total phenolics, by contrast, displayed species-specific patterns that varied markedly through time. Relationships between estuarine condition and leaf traits were highly variable temporally, and also displayed markedly different patterns of intraspecific variability between the two species. Our study highlights the considerable within-species variation in leaf traits that should be accounted for in regional to biome scale analyses. Although some intraspecific patterns mirrored those found across species, at global scales, the considerable variability in other leaf traits between species and through time highlights the need to better understand the drivers and constraints of this intraspecific variation.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by an Australian Research Council Discovery Grant (DP1093444) to MJB and Macquarie University Higher Degree Research funding to LBA. We thank L Ainley, G Carroll, B Coates, B Cooke, D Duursmaa, R Furtado, A Harmer, T Hogg, M Masood, S Oyston, R Perez, L Szlachta, W Tozer, M Verhoeven, R Walsh, E Wilkie and L Williams for assistance with field and lab work. This manuscript benefited from helpful discussion with R Gallagher and A Nicastro. J Madin provided helpful reviews on earlier versions of this manuscript.

Author contribution statement

LBA, AV and MJB conceived and designed the experiments. LBA performed the experiments, analysed the data and wrote the manuscript. AV and MJB provided editorial advice.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia

    Lara B. Ainley & Melanie J. Bishop

  2. Department of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia

    Adriana Vergés

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  1. Lara B. Ainley
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Correspondence to Lara B. Ainley.

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Communicated by Yu-Long Feng.

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Ainley, L.B., Vergés, A. & Bishop, M.J. Congruence of intraspecific variability in leaf traits for two co-occurring estuarine angiosperms. Oecologia 181, 1041–1053 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3634-1

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