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Effect of ultraviolet LED and trap height on catches of host-seeking anopheline mosquitoes by using a low-cost passive light trap in northeast Brazil

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Abstract

Light traps have been widely used for monitoring malaria vectors, although drawbacks remain. In this context, new tools and attractants are always becoming available to perform monitoring tasks, like the Silva trap, a passive and low-cost LED-light trap for host-seeking anopheline mosquitoes. In this work, the effectiveness of the Silva trap by using UV-LED and at different heights as well as a comparison with the conventional CDC-type (HP) light trap was studied. A total of 9009 mosquitoes and nine species were caught, Anopheles triannulatus, An. argyritarsis, and An. goeldii being the most frequent species. The green (520 nm) and blue (470 nm) LEDs attracted almost equal numbers of anopheline mosquitoes, but UV LEDs (395 nm) attracted a significantly lower number of individuals (Kruskal–Wallis = 19.68, P = 0.0001). Even with the predominance of mosquitoes trapped at the height of 1.5 m, no significant statistical difference was found among the four heights tested (0.5 m; 1.0 m; 1.5 m; 2.0 m). Green-baited Silva traps collected significantly more individuals than incandescent-baited CDC-type traps (U = 60.5; P = 0.0303). LEDs have been useful as light sources for attracting insect vectors and together with a low-cost trap, as the Silva trap, a feasible alternative to conventional trap-based monitoring Anopheles mosquitoes that can be implemented in the field.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Mr. Elton for allowing us to use his property (Fazenda Cantinho). Eudimara Carvalho de Araújo received a Brazilian grant from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq Grant no. 133249/2019-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, MA, 65500-000, Chapadinha, Brazil

    Eudimara Carvalho de Araújo, Benedita Maria Costa Neta, Jefferson Mesquita Brito & Francinaldo Soares Silva

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, CEP, 65080-805, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil

    Eudimara Carvalho de Araújo, Benedita Maria Costa Neta & Francinaldo Soares Silva

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Ciências de Chapadinha, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, CEP, MA, 65500-000, Chapadinha, Brazil

    Francinaldo Soares Silva

  4. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, CEP, MA, 65080-805, São Luís, Brazil

    Francinaldo Soares Silva

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  1. Eudimara Carvalho de Araújo
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  2. Benedita Maria Costa Neta
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Eudimara Carvalho de Araújo: methodology and first draft of the manuscript; Benedita Maria Costa Neta: methodology; Jefferson Mesquita Brito: methodology; Francinaldo Soares Silva: supervision, design, review and editing.

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Correspondence to Francinaldo Soares Silva.

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de Araújo, E.C., Neta, B.M.C., Brito, J.M. et al. Effect of ultraviolet LED and trap height on catches of host-seeking anopheline mosquitoes by using a low-cost passive light trap in northeast Brazil. Parasitol Res 122, 1343–1349 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-023-07834-2

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