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Two new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 parasitizing Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Poeciliidae) from the southern limit of the family in the Neotropical region

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Abstract

In this study, we followed an integrative taxonomy approach to describe two new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832, and to identify specimens of G. breviradix Vega, Razzolini, Arbetman, and Viozzi, 2019, all three collected from ten spotted live-bearer Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842), an endemic and widespread poeciliid from the Pampean region, which is the southernmost occurring species of the Poeciliidae in the Americas. Gyrodactylids were first characterized morphologically and mophometrically, and when possible, sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and the cytochrome oxidase II (COII) were used to delimit species. Gyrodactylus breviradix, Gyrodactylus marplatensis n. sp., and Gyrodactylus pampeanus n. sp. were found on the fins and body surface of C. decemmaculatus in La Tapera Creek, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. A phylogenetic analysis combining newly generated sequences of one of the new species, G. marplatensis n. sp., and of G. breviradix, along with those available in GenBank for a further 36 species of Gyrodactylus, revealed that G. marplatensis n. sp. is a sister taxon of Gyrodactylus decemmaculati Vega, Razzolini, Arbetman, and Viozzi, 2019. Genetic distances for the ITS and COII gene were estimated among Gyrodactylus spp. and further supported the validity of the new species. Overall, morphometric and molecular data coincided in delimiting the new taxa, thus demonstrating the value of integrative taxonomy for the erection of new species of Gyrodactylus and species identification.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Delfina Canel and Manuel Irigoitia for the assistance with field collections and Dr. Rocio Vega for providing the images of G. breviradix and G. decemmaculati for the measurement. We also want to thank to Gina Galllo (INECOL) for the help with the illustrations and to Dr. Delfina Cantatore for the help with phylogenetic analyses.

Funding

This work was supported by Grants from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) – Argentina (PIP no. 112-201501-00973), Fondo para la Investigación Ciencia y Tecnología (FonCyT)– Argentina (PICT 2015 no. 2013, PICT-2016-4175) and Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP) – Argentina (EXA869/16).

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  1. Verónica Taglioretti and Adriana García-Vásquez contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Ictioparasitología, Instituto de Invest\igaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). Funes 3350, (7600), Mar del Plata, Argentina

    Verónica Taglioretti, María Alejandra Rossin & Juan Tomás Timi

  2. Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red de Biología Evolutiva, Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91070, Xalapa, VER, Mexico

    Adriana García-Vásquez & Miguel Rubio-Godoy

  3. Cátedras CONACyT, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91070, Xalapa, VER, Mexico

    Carlos Daniel Pinacho-Pinacho

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  1. Verónica Taglioretti
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Correspondence to Verónica Taglioretti.

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All applicable institutional, national, and international guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Permit for fishing provided by Ministerio de Asuntos Agrarios de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina (Disposición 164, August 23, 2012).

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Taglioretti, V., García-Vásquez, A., Rossin, M.A. et al. Two new species of Gyrodactylus von Nordmann, 1832 parasitizing Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Poeciliidae) from the southern limit of the family in the Neotropical region. Parasitol Res 119, 1713–1728 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06680-w

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