Abstract
An experimental study to enhance knowledge on the capability of Trichenella spiralis to pass from guinea pigs to progeny at different periods of pregnancy or lactation was performed. For this purpose, 18 female adult guinea pigs were inoculated with 100 or 1000 T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML) during early, late gestation and during lactation period. The presence of T. spiralis (ML) in mothers and newborns was studied through enzymatic digestion from muscle samples. ML were observed in 9 of 42 newborn guinea pigs and levels of infection were significantly higher when infections of mothers were done during late gestation (p = 0.0046) with the high infective dose (p = 0.0043). T. spiralis ML were not recovered from any of the newborns from mothers infected in the lactation period. Ten out of 18 infected mothers presented larvae 1 in their mammary glands. Muscle samples from the tongue and the masseter showed the highest larval burdens. These observations confirm previous reports on that ML of T. spiralis are capable to pass through placental tissues to reach and encyst in striated muscle groups of newborn guinea pigs. This study may also reinforce the importance of preventive programs to control trichinellosis in those endemic areas where pregnant women would have high risk of infection.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adamson SL, Lu Y, Whiteley KJ, Holmyard D, Hemberger M, Pfarrer M, Cross JC (2002) Interactions between trophoblast cells and the maternal and fetal circulation in the mouse placenta. Dev Biol 250:358–373
American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) (2001) 2000 report of the AVMA panel on euthanasia. J Am Vet Med Assoc 218(5):669–696
Caracostantogolo J (2008) Transmisión de triquinelosis en ratas. Trabajo de Tesis para obtener el grado de Maestría en “Control de plagas y su impacto ambiental”. Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Cosoroaba I, Orjanu N (1998) Congenital trichinellosis in the rat. Vet Parasitol 77(2/3):147–151
Cross JC, Hemberger M, Lu Y, Nozaki T, Whiteley K, Masutani M, Adamson SL (2002) Trophoblast functions, angiogenesis and remodeling of the maternal vasculature in the placenta. Mol Cell Endocrinol 187:207–212
Cuba Caparó A (1982) Manual de Patología de Animales de Laboratorio. In: OPS. Publicación científica y técnica 423, Washington DC, pp 173–175
Cui J, Wang ZQ, Han HM (2006) Congenital transmission of Trichinella spiralis in experimentally infected mice. Helminthology 43(1):7–10
De Silva NR, Sirisenea JLG, Gunasekera DPS, Ismail MM, De Silva HJ (1999) Effect of mebendazole therapy during pregnancy on birth outcome. Lancet 353:1145–1149
Denham DA (1966) Infections with Trichinella spiralis passing from mother to filial mice pre- and postnatally. J Helminthol 40:291–296
Dupouy Camet J, Bruschi F (2007) In: Dupòuy-Camet J, de Murrell D (eds) Management and diagnosis of human trichinellosis. In: FAO/WHO/OIE guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis. FAO/WHO/OIE, 2007, París
Fariña FA, Pasqualetti MI, Cardillo NM, Aronowicz T, Ercoles, M, Krivokapich SJ, Ribicich MM (2016) Evaluación de la transmisión galactógena de Trichinella patagoniensis en ratones BALB/c. Rev Argent Microbiol 48 (2): 101–104
Gamble HR (1996) Detection of trichinellosis in pigs by artificial digestion and enzyme immunoassay. J Food Prot 59:295–298
Kapel CMO, Webster P, Gamble HR (2005) Muscle distribution of sylvatic and domestic Trichinella larvae in production animals and wildlife. Vet Parasitol 132:101–105
Kaufmann P, Davidoff M (1977) The guinea pig placenta. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 53:1–90
Leiser R, Kaufmann P (1994) Placental structure: in a comparative aspect. Exp Clin Endocrinol 102:122–134
Mauss EA, Otto GF (1942) The occurrence of Trichinella spiralis larvae in tissues other than skeletal muscles. J Lab Clin Med 27:1384–1387
Mikkonen T, Oivanen L, Näreaho A, Helin H, Sukura A (2001) Predilection muscles and physical condition of raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella nativa. Acta Vet Scand 42:441–452
Noonan D (1994) The guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). ANZCCART News 7(3):1–8
Nuñez GG, Gentile T, Calcagno ML, Venturiello SM (2002) Increased parasiticide activity against Trichinella spiralis newborn larvae during pregnancy. Parasitol Res 88:661–667
Pijnenborg R (1988) Establishment of uteroplacental circulation. Reprod Nutr Dev 28:1581–1586
Saracino MP, Calcagno MA, Beauche EB, Garnier A, Vila CC, Granchetti H, Taus MR, Venturiello SM (2016) Trichinella spiralis infection and transplacental passage in human pregnancy. Vet Parasitol 231:2–7
Sistema Nacional de Vigilancia de la Salud (2013–2016) Ministerio de Salud. Presidencia de la Nación. Boletín integrado de Vigilancia. http://www.msal.gob.ar/index.php/home/boletin-integrado-de-vigilancia. Accessed 12 December 2016
Steffan PE (1987) Experimental infection with Trichinella spiralis in rabbits and guinea pigs. Studies on inoculation technique, diagnostic methods, pathogenesis, and anthelmintic efficacy of ivermectin. Course on diagnostic techniques in parasitic diseases. National Serum Institute, Denmark, p 85
Theodoropoulos G, Kapel CMO, Webster P, Saravanos L, Zaki J, Koutsotolis K (2000) Infectivity, predilection sites and freeze tolerance of Trichinella spp. in experimentally infected sheep. Parasitol Res 86:401–405
Webster P, Kapel CMO (2005) Studies on vertical transmission of Trichinella spp. in experimentally infected ferrets (Mustela putorius furo), foxes (Vulpes vulpes), pigs, guinea pigs and mice. Vet Parasitol 130:255–262
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Dr. Silvio Krivokapich (Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas “Dr. Carlos G. Malbran”) for the molecular determination of Trichinella isolate.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Riva, E., Fiel, C., Bernat, G. et al. Studies on vertical transmission of Trichinella spiralis in experimentally infected guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Parasitol Res 116, 2271–2276 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-017-5533-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-017-5533-8